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In the intelligent era, the interaction between humans and intelligent systems fundamentally involves collaboration with autonomous intelligent agents. Human-AI Collaboration (HAC) represents a novel type of human-machine relationship…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Qi Gao , Wei Xu , Hanxi Pan , Mowei Shen , Zaifeng Gao

High Performance Computing (HPC), Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML), and Quantum Computing (QC) and communications offer immense opportunities for innovation and impact on society. Researchers in these areas depend on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-18 William Gropp , Sujata Banerjee , Ian Foster

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can potentially transform the industry, enhancing the production process and minimizing manual, repetitive tasks. Accordingly, the synergy between high-performance computing and powerful mathematical models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Silvia García-Méndez , Francisco de Arriba-Pérez , María del Carmen Somoza-López

This contribution explores how the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into organizational practices can be effectively framed through a socio-technical perspective to comply with the requirements of Human-centered AI (HCAI).…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Thomas Herrmann

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an exceptionally powerful tool for analyzing scientific data. In particular, attention-based architectures have demonstrated a remarkable capability to capture complex correlations and to furnish…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-03 Changkai Zhang , Jan von Delft

High-performance computing (HPC) centers consume substantial power, incurring environmental and operational costs. This review assesses how artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and optimization, improves the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Pierrick Pochelu , Hyacinthe Cartiaux , Julien Schleich

Powerful detectors at modern experimental facilities routinely collect data at multiple GB/s. Online analysis methods are needed to enable the collection of only interesting subsets of such massive data streams, such as by explicitly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Rafael Vescovi , Ryan Chard , Nickolaus Saint , Ben Blaiszik , Jim Pruyne , Tekin Bicer , Alex Lavens , Zhengchun Liu , Michael E. Papka , Suresh Narayanan , Nicholas Schwarz , Kyle Chard , Ian Foster

Novel artificial intelligence (AI) technology has expedited various scientific research, e.g., cosmology, physics and bioinformatics, inevitably becoming a significant category of workload on high performance computing (HPC) systems.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Jiangsu Du , Dongsheng Li , Yingpeng Wen , Jiazhi Jiang , Dan Huang , Xiangke Liao , Yutong Lu

Urban systems are typical examples of complex systems, where the integration of physics-based modeling with artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising paradigm for enhancing predictive accuracy, interpretability, and decision-making.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-18 En Xu , Huandong Wang , Yunke Zhang , Sibo Li , Yinzhou Tang , Zhilun Zhou , Yuming Lin , Yuan Yuan , Xiaochen Fan , Jingtao Ding , Yong Li

This chapter systematically promotes an emerging interdisciplinary field of human-artificial intelligence interaction (human-AI interaction, HAII) from a human-centered AI (HCAI) perspective. It introduces a framework of human-centered HAII…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Wei Xu

This white paper, developed through close collaboration between IBM Research and UIUC researchers within the IIDAI Institute, envisions transforming hybrid cloud systems to meet the growing complexity of AI workloads through innovative,…

There is an ever-increasing need for computational power to train complex artificial intelligence (AI) & machine learning (ML) models to tackle large scientific problems. High performance computing (HPC) resources are required to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-22 David Brayford , Sofia Vallercorsa

As AI systems demonstrate increasingly strong predictive performance, their adoption has grown in numerous domains. However, in high-stakes domains such as criminal justice and healthcare, full automation is often not desirable due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Vivian Lai , Chacha Chen , Q. Vera Liao , Alison Smith-Renner , Chenhao Tan

Artificial intelligence (AI) advancements over the past few years have had an unprecedented and revolutionary impact across everyday application areas. Its significance also extends to technical challenges within science and engineering,…

The field of prompt engineering is becoming an essential phenomenon in artificial intelligence. It is altering how data scientists interact with large language models (LLMs) for analytics applications. This research paper shares empirical…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Snehasish Paul , Rohit Kumar , Laxman Das

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into science education is transforming the design and function of learning materials, offering new affordances for personalization, authenticity, and accessibility. This chapter examines how…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xiaoming Zhai , Kent Crippen

The increasing interest in the usage of Artificial Intelligence techniques (AI) from the research community and industry to tackle "real world" problems, requires High Performance Computing (HPC) resources to efficiently compute and scale…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-14 David Brayford , Sofia Vallecorsa , Atanas Atanasov , Fabio Baruffa , Walter Riviera

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed human-computer interactions, making it essential to establish robust design standards to ensure effective, ethical, and human-centered AI (HCAI) solutions.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Chaoyi Zhao , Wei Xu

With the increasing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) in diverse science/engineering communities, AI models emerge on an unprecedented scale among various domains. However, given the complexity and diversity of the software and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Sixing Yu , Murali Emani , Chunhua Liao , Pei-Hung Lin , Tristan Vanderbruggen , Xipeng Shen , Ali Jannesari

This paper presents some of the current challenges in designing deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) and integrating it with traditional high-performance computing (HPC) simulations. We evaluate existing packages for their ability to…