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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled LLM-based agents to directly interact with application user interfaces (UIs), enhancing agents' performance in complex tasks. However, these agents often suffer from high latency and low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Junting Lu , Zhiyang Zhang , Fangkai Yang , Jue Zhang , Lu Wang , Chao Du , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

Autonomous computer use agents that powered by multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are emerging as capable assistants for completing complex digital workflows. However, real-world execution environments are far from ideal: pop-ups,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jingwei Sun , Jianing Zhu , Yuanyi Li , Tongliang Liu , Xia HU , Bo Han

The webpage-to-code task requires models to understand visual representations of webpages and generate corresponding code. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on static screenshot-to-code tasks, thereby overlooking the dynamic…

In the multi-turn interaction schema, large language models (LLMs) can leverage user feedback to enhance the quality and relevance of their responses. However, evaluating an LLM's ability to incorporate user refutation feedback is crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jianhao Yan , Yun Luo , Yue Zhang

We present WebGym, the largest-to-date open-source environment for training realistic visual web agents. Real websites are non-stationary and diverse, making artificial or small-scale task sets insufficient for robust policy learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hao Bai , Alexey Taymanov , Tong Zhang , Aviral Kumar , Spencer Whitehead

Goal-directed interactive agents, which autonomously complete tasks through interactions with their environment, can assist humans in various domains of their daily lives. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) led to a surge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Mareike Hartmann , Alexander Koller

State-of-the-art multimodal web agents, powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), can autonomously execute many web tasks by processing user instructions and interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Current strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Gaurav Verma , Rachneet Kaur , Nishan Srishankar , Zhen Zeng , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

Large Language Model-based agents(LLM-based agents) are increasingly deployed in customer service, yet they often forget across sessions, repeat errors, and lack mechanisms for continual self-improvement. This makes them unreliable in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yizhe Huang , Yang Liu , Ruiyu Zhao , Xiaolong Zhong , Xingming Yue , Ling Jiang

We introduce DABstep, a novel benchmark for evaluating AI agents on realistic multi-step data analysis tasks. DABstep comprises over 450 real-world challenges derived from a financial analytics platform, requiring models to combine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Alex Egg , Martin Iglesias Goyanes , Friso Kingma , Andreu Mora , Leandro von Werra , Thomas Wolf

The growing dependence on mobile phones and their apps has made multi-user interactive features, like chat calls, live streaming, and video conferencing, indispensable for bridging the gaps in social connectivity caused by physical and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Sidong Feng , Changhao Du , Huaxiao Liu , Qingnan Wang , Zhengwei Lv , Mengfei Wang , Chunyang Chen

Web agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in planning and executing multi-step interactions within complex web-based environments, fulfilling a wide range of web navigation tasks. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yang Deng , Xuan Zhang , Wenxuan Zhang , Yifei Yuan , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

In this paper, we introduce InfiAgent-DABench, the first benchmark specifically designed to evaluate LLM-based agents on data analysis tasks. These tasks require agents to end-to-end solving complex tasks by interacting with an execution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Xueyu Hu , Ziyu Zhao , Shuang Wei , Ziwei Chai , Qianli Ma , Guoyin Wang , Xuwu Wang , Jing Su , Jingjing Xu , Ming Zhu , Yao Cheng , Jianbo Yuan , Jiwei Li , Kun Kuang , Yang Yang , Hongxia Yang , Fei Wu

Future prediction is a complex task for LLM agents, requiring a high level of analytical thinking, information gathering, contextual understanding, and decision-making under uncertainty. Agents must not only gather and interpret vast…

Online video understanding requires models to perform continuous perception and long-range reasoning within potentially infinite visual streams. Its fundamental challenge lies in the conflict between the unbounded nature of streaming media…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Siwei Wen , Zhangcheng Wang , Xingjian Zhang , Lei Huang , Wenjun Wu

Evaluating AI agents within complex, interactive environments that mirror real-world challenges is critical for understanding their practical capabilities. While existing agent benchmarks effectively assess skills like tool use or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Long Phan , Mantas Mazeika , Andy Zou , Dan Hendrycks

HTML observations in LLM-based web agents are extremely long, and while many reduction methods have been proposed, it remains unclear which methods reduce overall agent latency while maintaining performance. The main obstacle is the high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Masafumi Enomoto , Ryoma Obara , Haochen Zhang , Masafumi Oyamada

Towards an embodied generalist for real-world interaction, Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) agents still suffer from challenging latency, sparse feedback, and irreversible mistakes. Video games offer an ideal testbed with rich visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Mingyu Ouyang , Siyuan Hu , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Hwee Tou Ng , Mike Zheng Shou

Autonomous web navigation requires agents to perceive complex visual environments and maintain long-term context, yet current Large Language Model (LLM) based agents often struggle with spatial disorientation and navigation loops. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xinjun Wang , Shengyao Wang , Aimin Zhou , Hao Hao

Videos are often used to learn or extract the necessary information to complete tasks in ways different than what text and static imagery alone can provide. However, many existing agent benchmarks neglect long-context video understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Lawrence Jang , Yinheng Li , Dan Zhao , Charles Ding , Justin Lin , Paul Pu Liang , Rogerio Bonatti , Kazuhito Koishida

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced artificial intelligence by enabling human-like text generation and natural language understanding. However, their reliance on static training data limits their ability to respond to dynamic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Aditi Singh , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei , Athanasios V. Vasilakos