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Increasing electricity prices motivates the mobile network operators to find new energy-efficient solutions for radio access networks (RANs). In this study, we focus on a specific type of RAN where the stand-alone solar panels are used as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Turgay Pamuklu , Cem Ersoy

The high energy footprint of 5G base stations, particularly the radio units (RUs), poses a significant environmental and economic challenge. We introduce Kairos, a novel approach to maximize the energy-saving potential of O-RAN's Advanced…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-28 J. Xavier Salvat Lozano , Jose A. Ayala-Romero , Andres Garcia-Saavedra , Xavier Costa-Perez

The open radio access network (O-RAN) describes an industry-driven open architecture and interfaces for building next generation RANs with artificial intelligence (AI) controllers. We circulated a survey among researchers, developers, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Aly S. Abdalla , Pratheek S. Upadhyaya , Vijay K. Shah , Vuk Marojevic

Fifth-generation (5G) and beyond systems are expected to accelerate the ongoing transformation of power systems towards the smart grid. However, the inherent heterogeneity in smart grid services and requirements pose significant challenges…

In order to make Internet connections ubiquitous and autonomous in our daily lives, maximizing the utilization of radio resources and social information is one of the major research topics in future mobile communication technologies. Fog…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-24 Haijun Zhang , Yu Qiu , Xiaoli Chu , Keping Long , Victor C. M. Leung

The rapidly evolving communication landscape, with the advent of 6G technology, brings new challenges to the design and operation of wireless networks. One of the key concerns is the energy efficiency of the Radio Access Network (RAN), as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Tailai Song , David Lopez , Michela Meo , Nicola Piovesan , Daniela Renga

Compared with the fourth generation (4G) cellular systems, the fifth generation wireless communication systems (5G) are anticipated to provide spectral and energy efficiency growth by a factor of at least 10, and the area throughput growth…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Mugen Peng , Yong Li , Zhongyuan Zhao , Chonggang Wang

The gains afforded by cloud radio access network (C-RAN) in terms of savings in capital and operating expenses, flexibility, interference management and network densification rely on the presence of high-capacity low-latency fronthaul…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-29 Osvaldo Simeone , Jinkyu Kang , Joonhyuk Kang , Shlomo Shamai

Distributed antenna systems (DAS) have been widely implemented in state-of-the-art cellular communication systems to cover dead spots. Recent studies have also indicated that DAS have advantages in wireless energy transfer (WET). In this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-16 Fangchao Yuan , Shi Jin , Kai-Kit Wong , Hongbo Zhu

Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is emerging as a transformative architecture for the next generation of mobile cellular networks. In C-RAN, the Baseband Unit (BBU) is decoupled from the Base Station (BS) and consolidated in a centralized…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-06-21 Tuyen X. Tran , Ayman Younis , Dario Pompili

Vehicular communications integrated with the Radio Access Network (RAN) are envisioned as a breakthrough application for the 6th generation (6G) cellular systems. However, traditional RANs lack the flexibility to enable sophisticated…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Eugenio Moro , Francesco Linsalata , Maurizio Magarini , Umberto Spagnolini , Antonio Capone

5G and beyond networks promise advancements in bandwidth, latency, and connectivity. The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) framework enhances flexibility through network slicing and closed-loop RAN control. Central to this evolution is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-12 Joshua Groen , Zixian Yang , Divyadharshini Muruganandham , Mauro Belgiovine , Lei Ying , Kaushik Chowdhury

The next-generation radio access network (RAN), known as Open RAN, is poised to feature an AI-native interface for wireless cellular networks, including emerging satellite-terrestrial systems, making deep learning integral to its operation.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Siya Chen , Chee Wei Tan , Xiangping Zhai , H. Vincent Poor

As wireless connectivity continues to evolve towards 6G, there is an ever-increasing demand to not only deliver higher throughput, lower latency, and improved reliability, but also do so as efficiently as possible. To this point, the term…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-22 Joseph Boccuzzi

The Open Radio Access Network (RAN) is a networking paradigm that builds on top of cloud-based, multi-vendor, open and intelligent architectures to shape the next generation of cellular networks for 5G and beyond. While this new paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Joshua Groen , Salvatore DOro , Utku Demir , Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Tommaso Melodia , Kaushik Chowdhury

The diverse requirements of beyond 5G services increase design complexity and demand dynamic adjustments to the network parameters. This can be achieved with slicing and programmable network architectures such as the open radio access…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-06 Suvidha Mhatre , Ferran Adelantado , Kostas Ramantas , Christos Verikoukis

Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) enable the disaggregation of radio access functions and the deployment of control applications across different timescales. However, designing interoperable control schemes that jointly exploit long-term…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Anastasios Giannopoulos , Sotirios Spantideas , Maria Lamprini Bartsioka , Panagiotis Trakadas

The collaborative research project 6G-ANNA develops concepts for the 6G radio access network (RAN) architecture and technology components. Previous RAN generations have become inherently more complex and reach their limits in handling…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Peter Schefczik , Umar Toseef , Paolo Baracca , Ralf Klotsche , Torsten Dudda , Mai-Anh Phan , Lorenzo Miretti , David Ginthoer , Bin Han

This paper deals with the problem of energy consumption minimization in Open RAN cell-free (CF) massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (mMIMO) systems under minimum per-user signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SINR) constraints.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Vaishnavi Kasuluru , Luis Blanco , Miguel Angel Vazquez , Cristian J. Vaca-Rubio , Engin Zeydan

The fog radio access network (Fog-RAN) has been considered a promising wireless access architecture to help shorten the communication delay and relieve the large data delivery burden over the backhaul links. However, limited by conventional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Jun Yu , Rui Wang , Jun Wu