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Wave-particle duality and entanglement are two fundamental characteristics of quantum mechanics. All previous works on experimental investigations in wave{particle properties of single photons (or single particles in general) show that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-27 Kai Wang , Daniel R. Terno , Caslav Brukner , Shining Zhu , Xiao-Song Ma

Fully connected quantum networks enable scalable quantum communication, yet reliable entanglement characterization without trusting measurement devices remains challenging. Here we experimentally demonstrate measurement-device-independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Lu Liu , Ling-Xuan Kong , Ze-Yang Lu , Xu-Jie Peng , Xiao-Xu Fang , He Lu

To test the principle of complementarity and wave-particle duality quantitatively, we need a quantum composite system that can be controlled by experimental parameters. Here, we demonstrate that a double-path interferometer consisting of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-19 Tai Hyun Yoon , Minhaeng Cho

An interferometer - no matter how clever the design - cannot reveal both the wave and particle behavior of a quantum system. This fundamental idea has been captured by inequalities, so-called wave-particle duality relations (WPDRs), that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-28 Patrick J. Coles

Device-independent (DI) certification schemes are based on minimal assumptions about the quantum system under study, which makes the most desirable among certification schemes. However, they are often the most challenging to implement. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Alexandre C. Orthey , Remigiusz Augusiak

Transmitter-device-dependence is a longstanding but often implicit problem in quantum key distribution (QKD), as compared to measurement-device-dependence. One-sided device-independent (1sDI) scenario relaxes the security conditions of DI…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Qiang Zeng , Abhishek Mishra , Haoyang Wang , Zhiliang Yuan

Quantum digital signatures (QDS) provide a means for signing electronic communications with informationtheoretic security. However, all previous demonstrations of quantum digital signatures assume trusted measurement devices. This renders…

Wave-particle duality in multi-path interference is fraught with issues despite substantial progress in recent years. It was experimentally shown that in certain specific conditions, getting path information in a multi-path experiment can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-11 Tabish Qureshi

For two-path interferometers, the which-path predictability $\mathcal{P}$ and the fringe visibility $\mathcal{V}$ are familiar quantities that are much used to talk about wave-particle duality in a quantitative way. We discuss several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-15 Berthold-Georg Englert , Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Leong Chuan Kwek , Wei Hui Chee

Certifying the entanglement of quantum states with Bell inequalities allows one to guarantee the security of quantum information protocols independently of imperfections in the measuring devices. Here we present a similar procedure for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-19 Adam Bennet , Tamás Vértesi , Dylan J. Saunders , Nicolas Brunner , G. J. Pryde

Quantum coherence stemming from the superposition behaviour of a particle beyond the classical realm, serves as one of the most fundamental features in quantum mechanics. The wave-particle duality phenomenon, which shares the same origin,…

By testing nonlocality, the security of entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) can be enhanced to being 'device-independent'. Here we ask whether such a strong form of security could also be established for one-way (prepare and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-18 Marcin Pawlowski , Nicolas Brunner

A textbook interpretation of quantum physics is that quantum objects can be described in a particle or a wave picture, depending on the operations and measurements performed. Beyond this widely held believe, we demonstrate in this…

Quantum information tasks are often analyzed under varying trust assumptions about the devices involved. The semi-device-independent (SDI) framework offers a balance between needed assumptions and experimental feasibility. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Raffaele D'Avino , Gabriel Senno , Mir Alimuddin , Antonio Acín

We investigate a fundamental property of device independent security in quantum cryptography by characterizing probability distributions which are necessarily independent of the measurement results of any eavesdropper. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 T. Franz , F. Furrer , R. F. Werner

Complementarity lies at the heart of conceptual foundation of orthodox quantum mechanics. The wave-particle duality makes it impossible to tell which slit each particle passes through and still observe an interference pattern in a Young's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhi-Yuan Li

We present wave-particle duality relations involving the relative entropy coherence measure, which plays a prominent role in the resource theory of coherence. The main input in these relations is an entropic bound for the which-way…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Emilio Bagan , Janos A. Bergou , Mark Hillery

Wave-particle duality is certainly one of the most curious concepts of contemporary physics, which ascribes mutually exclusive behaviors to quantum systems that cannot be observed simultaneously. In the context of two-path interferometers,…

Semi-device-independent certification of an unsharp instrument has recently been demonstrated [New J. Phys. 21, 083034 (2019)] based on the sequential sharing of quantum advantages in a prepare-measure communication game by assuming the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Prabuddha Roy , A. K. Pan

The semi-device-independent approach provides a framework for prepare-and-measure quantum protocols using devices whose behavior must not be characterized nor trusted, except for a single assumption on the dimension of the Hilbert space…