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Simulation-based inference (SBI) enables cosmological parameter estimation when closed-form likelihoods or models are unavailable. However, SBI relies on machine learning for neural compression and density estimation. This requires large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-29 Alex A. Saoulis , Davide Piras , Niall Jeffrey , Alessio Spurio Mancini , Ana M. G. Ferreira , Benjamin Joachimi

Simulation-based inference (SBI) enables parameter inference by training neural networks on forward simulations. It is being applied both for intractable likelihoods as well as under time constraints on the posterior sampling. After…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Leander Thiele

Simulation-based inference (SBI) is the preferred framework for estimating parameters of intractable models in science and engineering. A significant challenge in this context is the large computational cost of simulating data from complex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-18 Ayush Bharti , Daolang Huang , Samuel Kaski , François-Xavier Briol

We test the robustness of simulation-based inference (SBI) in the context of cosmological parameter estimation from galaxy cluster counts and masses in simulated optical datasets. We construct ``simulations'' using analytical models for the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-01 Moonzarin Reza , Yuanyuan Zhang , Camille Avestruz , Louis E. Strigari , Simone Shevchuk , Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro

A major challenge in extracting information from current and upcoming surveys of cosmological Large-Scale Structure (LSS) is the limited availability of computationally expensive high-fidelity simulations. We introduce calibrated Neural…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-24 He Jia

Across many domains of science, stochastic models are an essential tool to understand the mechanisms underlying empirically observed data. Models can be of different levels of detail and accuracy, with models of high-fidelity (i.e., high…

We present a Simulation-Based Inference (SBI) framework for cosmological parameter estimation via void lensing analysis. Despite the absence of an analytical model of void lensing, SBI can effectively learn posterior distributions through…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-09 Chen Su , Huanyuan Shan , Cheng Zhao , Wenshuo Xu , Jiajun Zhang

Inferring the values and uncertainties of cosmological parameters in a cosmology model is of paramount importance for modern cosmic observations. In this paper, we use the simulation-based inference (SBI) approach to estimate cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-02 Moonzarin Reza , Yuanyuan Zhang , Brian Nord , Jason Poh , Aleksandra Ciprijanovic , Louis Strigari

The standard approach to inference from cosmic large-scale structure data employs summary statistics that are compared to analytic models in a Gaussian likelihood with pre-computed covariance. To overcome the idealising assumptions about…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-24 Kiyam Lin , Maximilian von Wietersheim-Kramsta , Benjamin Joachimi , Stephen Feeney

We propose a new framework for the analysis of current and future cosmological surveys, which combines perturbative methods (PT) on large scales with conditional simulation-based implicit inference (SBI) on small scales. This enables…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-20 Chirag Modi , Oliver H. E. Philcox

A central challenge in many areas of science and engineering is to identify model parameters that are consistent with prior knowledge and empirical data. Bayesian inference offers a principled framework for this task, but can be…

Simulation-based inference has been popular for amortized Bayesian computation. It is typical to have more than one posterior approximation, from different inference algorithms, different architectures, or simply the randomness of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-04 Yuling Yao , Bruno Régaldo-Saint Blancard , Justin Domke

Simulation-based inference (SBI) is rapidly establishing itself as a standard machine learning technique for analyzing data in cosmological surveys. Despite continual improvements to the quality of density estimation by learned models,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-03 Pablo Lemos , Miles Cranmer , Muntazir Abidi , ChangHoon Hahn , Michael Eickenberg , Elena Massara , David Yallup , Shirley Ho

Neural simulation-based inference (SBI) is a popular set of methods for Bayesian inference when models are only available in the form of a simulator. These methods are widely used in the sciences and engineering, where writing down a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-15 Yuga Hikida , Ayush Bharti , Niall Jeffrey , François-Xavier Briol

We develop the framework of Linear Simulation-based Inference (LSBI), an application of simulation-based inference where the likelihood is approximated by a Gaussian linear function of its parameters. We obtain analytical expressions for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-08 Nicolas Mediato-Diaz , Will Handley

Standard cosmological analysis, which relies on two-point statistics, fails to extract the full information of the data. This limits our ability to constrain with precision cosmological parameters. Thus, recent years have seen a paradigm…

Cosmological probes pose an inverse problem where the measurement result is obtained through observations, and the objective is to infer values of model parameters which characterize the underlying physical system -- our Universe. Modern…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-21 Timur Takhtaganov , Zarija Lukic , Juliane Mueller , Dmitriy Morozov

Simulation-based inference (SBI) has emerged as a powerful tool for extracting cosmological information from galaxy surveys deep into the non-linear regime. Despite its great promise, its application is limited by the computational cost of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-21 Gemma Zhang , Chirag Modi , Oliver H. E. Philcox

Simulation-based inference (SBI) is a promising approach to leverage high fidelity cosmological simulations and extract information from the non-Gaussian, non-linear scales that cannot be modeled analytically. However, scaling SBI to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-27 Chirag Modi , Shivam Pandey , Matthew Ho , ChangHoon Hahn , Bruno R'egaldo-Saint Blancard , Benjamin Wandelt

We present methods for emulating the matter power spectrum by combining information from cosmological $N$-body simulations at different resolutions. An emulator allows estimation of simulation output by interpolating across the parameter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-17 Ming-Feng Ho , Simeon Bird , Christian R. Shelton
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