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Public leaderboards increasingly suggest that large language models (LLMs) surpass human experts on benchmarks spanning academic knowledge, law, and programming. Yet most benchmarks are fully public, their questions widely mirrored across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Eshwar Reddy M , Sourav Karmakar

As large language models (LLMs) become more capable and agentic, the requirement for trust in their outputs grows significantly, yet at the same time concerns have been mounting that models may learn to lie in pursuit of their goals. To…

Existing studies on bias mitigation methods for large language models (LLMs) use diverse baselines and metrics to evaluate debiasing performance, leading to inconsistent comparisons among them. Moreover, their evaluations are mostly based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xin Xu , Xunzhi He , Churan Zhi , Ruizhe Chen , Julian McAuley , Zexue He

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced interactions between users and models. These advancements concurrently underscore the need for rigorous safety evaluations due to the manifestation of social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Dahyun Jung , Seungyoon Lee , Hyeonseok Moon , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

In the evolving landscape of online communication, hate speech detection remains a formidable challenge, further compounded by the diversity of digital platforms. This study investigates the effectiveness and adaptability of pre-trained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ahmad Nasir , Aadish Sharma , Kokil Jaidka , Saifuddin Ahmed

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been applied to forecasting tasks, with some works claiming these systems match or exceed human performance. In this paper, we argue that, as a community, we should be careful about such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Daniel Paleka , Shashwat Goel , Jonas Geiping , Florian Tramèr

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for recommendation tasks due to their general-purpose capabilities. While LLMs perform well in rich-context settings, their behavior in cold-start scenarios, where only limited signals such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Alexandre Andre , Gauthier Roy , Eva Dyer , Kai Wang

Assessing factuality of text generated by large language models (LLMs) is an emerging yet crucial research area, aimed at alerting users to potential errors and guiding the development of more reliable LLMs. Nonetheless, the evaluators…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Shiqi Chen , Yiran Zhao , Jinghan Zhang , I-Chun Chern , Siyang Gao , Pengfei Liu , Junxian He

Human Label Variation (HLV), i.e. systematic differences among annotators' judgments, remains underexplored in benchmarks despite rapid progress in large language model (LLM) development. We address this gap by introducing an evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Tomas Ruiz , Tanalp Agustoslu , Carsten Schwemmer

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4, Claude-3, and Gemini has transformed the field of natural language processing. However, it has also resulted in a significant issue known as Benchmark Data Contamination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Cheng Xu , Shuhao Guan , Derek Greene , M-Tahar Kechadi

Previous works on Large Language Models (LLMs) have mainly focused on evaluating their helpfulness or harmlessness. However, honesty, another crucial alignment criterion, has received relatively less attention. Dishonest behaviors in LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Steffi Chern , Zhulin Hu , Yuqing Yang , Ethan Chern , Yuan Guo , Jiahe Jin , Binjie Wang , Pengfei Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained considerable traction within the Software Engineering (SE) community, impacting various SE tasks from code completion to test generation, from program repair to code summarization. Despite their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-09 June Sallou , Thomas Durieux , Annibale Panichella

Recently, numerous new benchmarks have been established to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) via either computing a holistic score or employing another LLM as a judge. However, these approaches suffer from data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Xiang Li , Yunshi Lan , Chao Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

This paper introduces the Open Ko-LLM Leaderboard and the Ko-H5 Benchmark as vital tools for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in Korean. Incorporating private test sets while mirroring the English Open LLM Leaderboard, we establish a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Chanjun Park , Hyeonwoo Kim , Dahyun Kim , Seonghwan Cho , Sanghoon Kim , Sukyung Lee , Yungi Kim , Hwalsuk Lee

Large language models are rapidly transforming social science research by enabling the automation of labor-intensive tasks like data annotation and text analysis. However, LLM outputs vary significantly depending on the implementation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Joachim Baumann , Paul Röttger , Aleksandra Urman , Albert Wendsjö , Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco , Johannes B. Gruber , Dirk Hovy

Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for many tasks, including those related to coding. An important aspect of being able to utilize LLMs is the ability to assess their fitness for specific usages. The common practice is to evaluate LLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Marcel Zalmanovici , Orna Raz , Eitan Farchi , Iftach Freund

Large Language Models (LLMs) vary in their abilities on a range of tasks. Initiatives such as the Open LLM Leaderboard aim to quantify these differences with several large benchmarks (sets of test items to which an LLM can respond either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Alex Kipnis , Konstantinos Voudouris , Luca M. Schulze Buschoff , Eric Schulz

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their ubiquitous deployment in diverse domains, measuring language model behavior on realistic data is imperative. For example, a company deploying a client-facing chatbot must ensure that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Neel Jain , Khalid Saifullah , Yuxin Wen , John Kirchenbauer , Manli Shu , Aniruddha Saha , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant popularity recently. LLMs are susceptible to various attacks but can also improve the security of diverse systems. However, besides enabling more secure systems, how well do open source…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Simen Gaure , Stefanos Koffas , Stjepan Picek , Sondre Rønjom