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While end-to-end Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation, fine-tuning them on narrow control data often compromises the profound reasoning capabilities inherited from their base…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tianshuo Yang , Guanyu Chen , Yutian Chen , Zhixuan Liang , Yitian Liu , Zanxin Chen , Chunpu Xu , Haotian Liang , Jiangmiao Pang , Yao Mu , Ping Luo

Vision-language-action (VLA) models are effective robot action executors, but they remain limited on long-horizon tasks due to the dual burden of extended closed-loop planning and diverse physical operations. We therefore propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zixing Lei , Changxing Liu , Yichen Xiong , Minhao Xiong , Yuanzhuo Ding , Zhipeng Zhang , Weixin Li , Siheng Chen

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) has long been constrained by the limited diversity and scalability of simulator-curated datasets, which fail to capture the complexity of real-world environments. To overcome this limitation, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mingfei Han , Haihong Hao , Liang Ma , Kamila Zhumakhanova , Ekaterina Radionova , Jingyi Zhang , Xiaojun Chang , Xiaodan Liang , Ivan Laptev

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models benefit from chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, but existing approaches incur high inference overhead and rely on discrete reasoning representations that mismatch continuous perception and control. We…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models map multimodal inputs directly to robot actions and are typically trained through large-scale imitation learning. While this paradigm has shown strong performance, prevailing VLA training procedures do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yubai Wei , Chen Wu , Hashem Haghbayan

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in understanding complex language and visual data, enabling generalist robotic systems to interpret instructions and perform embodied tasks. Nevertheless, their real-world deployment is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Rongyu Zhang , Menghang Dong , Yuan Zhang , Liang Heng , Xiaowei Chi , Gaole Dai , Li Du , Yuan Du , Shanghang Zhang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models for closed-loop robot control are typically cast under the Markov assumption, making them prone to errors on tasks requiring historical context. To incorporate memory, existing VLAs either retrieve from a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hang Li , Fengyi Shen , Dong Chen , Liudi Yang , Xudong Wang , Jinkui Shi , Zhenshan Bing , Ziyuan Liu , Alois Knoll

Since current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) systems suffer from limited spatial perception and the absence of memory throughout manipulation, we investigate visual anchors as a means to enhance spatial and temporal reasoning within VLA…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Juan Zhu , Zhanying Shao , Xiaoqi Li , Ethan Morgan , Jiadong Xu , Hongwei Fan , Hao Dong

The advancement of embodied intelligence is accelerating the integration of robots into daily life as human assistants. This evolution requires robots to not only interpret high-level instructions and plan tasks but also perceive and adapt…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhichen Lou , Kechun Xu , Zhongxiang Zhou , Rong Xiong

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in advancing robotic manipulation. However, previous approaches predominantly rely on the general comprehension capabilities of vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yuqi Wang , Xinghang Li , Wenxuan Wang , Junbo Zhang , Yingyan Li , Yuntao Chen , Xinlong Wang , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Language-driven object navigation requires agents to interpret natural language descriptions of target objects, which combine intrinsic and extrinsic attributes for instance recognition and commonsense navigation. Existing methods either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Francesco Taioli , Shiping Yang , Sonia Raychaudhuri , Marco Cristani , Unnat Jain , Angel X Chang

Foundation models applied in robotics, particularly \textbf{Vision--Language--Action (VLA)} models, hold great promise for achieving general-purpose manipulation. Yet, systematic real-world evaluations and cross-model comparisons remain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yihao Zhang , Yuankai Qi , Xi Zheng

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are essential for various tasks, particularly visual reasoning tasks, due to their robust multi-modal information integration, visual reasoning capabilities, and contextual awareness. However, existing \VLMs{}'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Zaiqiao Meng , Hao Zhou , Yifang Chen

Vision language models (VLMs) can flexibly address various vision tasks through text interactions. Although successful in semantic understanding, state-of-the-art VLMs including GPT-5 still struggle in understanding 3D from 2D inputs. On…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhipeng Cai , Ching-Feng Yeh , Hu Xu , Zhuang Liu , Gregory Meyer , Xinjie Lei , Changsheng Zhao , Shang-Wen Li , Vikas Chandra , Yangyang Shi

Implicit spatial relations and deep semantic structures encoded in object attributes are crucial for procedural planning in embodied AI systems. However, existing approaches often over rely on the reasoning capabilities of vision language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kun Wang , Yiming Li , Mingcheng Qu , Aqiang Zhang , Guang Yang , Tonghua Su

Vision Language Models excel in handling a wide range of complex tasks, including Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Visual Question Answering (VQA), and advanced geometric reasoning. However, these models fail to perform well on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Ayush Singh , Mansi Gupta , Shivank Garg

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models aim for general robot learning by aligning action as a modality within powerful Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Existing VLAs rely on end-to-end supervision to implicitly enable the action decoding process…

Existing Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically take 2D images as visual input, which limits their spatial understanding in complex scenes. How can we incorporate 3D information to enhance VLA capabilities? We conduct a pilot study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xianzhe Fan , Shengliang Deng , Xiaoyang Wu , Yuxiang Lu , Zhuoling Li , Mi Yan , Yujia Zhang , Zhizheng Zhang , He Wang , Hengshuang Zhao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models aim to unify perception, language understanding, and action generation, offering strong cross-task and cross-scene generalization with broad impact on embodied AI. However, current VLA models often lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Angen Ye , Zeyu Zhang , Boyuan Wang , Xiaofeng Wang , Dapeng Zhang , Zheng Zhu
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