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Related papers: The Complexity of Thermalization in Finite Quantum…

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Emulating thermal observables on a digital quantum computer is essential for quantum simulation of many-body physics. However, thermalization typically requires a large system size due to incorporating a thermal bath, whilst limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 H. Perrin , T. Scoquart , A. I. Pavlov , N. V. Gnezdilov

The fact that macroscopic systems approach thermal equilibrium may seem puzzling, for example, because it may seem to conflict with the time-reversibility of the microscopic dynamics. We here prove that in a macroscopic quantum system for a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-18 Sheldon Goldstein , Takashi Hara , Hal Tasaki

Open quantum systems that comply with the master equation and detailed balance decay in a non-oscillatory manner to thermal equilibrium. Beyond the weak coupling limit, systems that break microreversibility (e.g., in the presence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 Shay Blum , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky

Time dynamics of isolated many-body quantum systems has long been an elusive subject. Very recently, however, meaningful experimental studies of the problem have finally become possible, stimulating theoretical interest as well. Progress in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-06-11 Marcos Rigol , Vanja Dunjko , Maxim Olshanii

Predicting observables in equilibrium states is a central yet notoriously hard question in quantum many-body systems. In the physically relevant thermodynamic limit, certain mathematical formulations of this task have even been shown to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Hamza Fawzi , Omar Fawzi , Samuel O. Scalet

There is much interest in how quantum systems thermalize after a sudden change, because unitary evolution should preclude thermalization. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis resolves this because all observables for quantum states in a…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2014-08-22 H. Fotso , K. Mikelsons , J. K. freericks

We present a study of thermalisation of a small isolated Hubbard lattice cluster prepared in a pure state with a well-defined energy. We examine how a two-site subsystem of the lattice thermalises with the rest of the system as its…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2013-06-14 S. Genway , A. F. Ho , D. K. K. Lee

We demonstrate that the presence of entanglement in macroscopic bodies (e.g. solids) in thermodynamical equilibrium could be revealed by measuring heat-capacity. The idea is that if the system were in a separable state, then for certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-14 Marcin Wiesniak , Vlatko Vedral , Caslav Brukner

In their seminal work, Fermi, Pasta, Ulam and Tsingou explored the connection between statistical mechanics and dynamical properties, such as chaos and ergodicity. Even today, seventy years later, the topic is not fully understood: while…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-01 Marco Baldovin , Marco Cattaneo , Dario Lucente , Paolo Muratore-Ginanneschi , Angelo Vulpiani

Localization marks the breakdown of thermalization in subregions of quantum many-body systems in the presence of sufficiently large disorder. In this paper, we use numerical techniques to study thermalization and localization in a many-body…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-07 Spasen Chaykov , Brenden Bowen , Nishant Agarwal

We study measures of decoherence and thermalization of a quantum system $S$ in the presence of a quantum environment (bath) $E$. The entirety $S$$+$$E$ is prepared in a canonical thermal state at a finite temperature, that is the entirety…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 M. A. Novotny , F. Jin , S. Yuan , S. Miyashita , H. De Raedt , K. Michielsen

Preparing quantum thermal states on a quantum computer is in general a difficult task. We provide a procedure to prepare a thermal state on a quantum computer with a logarithmic depth circuit of local quantum channels assuming that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-13 Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Michael J. Kastoryano

It is usually expected and observed that non-integrable isolated quantum systems thermalize. However, for some non-integrable spin chain models, in a numerical study, initial states with oscillations that persisted for some time were found…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-10 Luis Fernando dos Prazeres , Thiago R. de Oliveira

A quantum system coupled to a bath at some fixed, finite temperature converges to its Gibbs state. This thermalization process defines a natural, physically-motivated model of quantum computation. However, whether quantum computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Thiago Bergamaschi , Chi-Fang Chen , Yunchao Liu

Using the ergodicity principle for the expectation values of several types of observables, we investigate the thermalization process in isolated fermionic systems. These are described by the two-body random ensemble, which is a paradigmatic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-27 V. K. B. Kota , A. Relaño , J. Retamosa , Manan Vyas

The circumstances under which a system reaches thermal equilibrium, and how to derive this from basic dynamical laws, has been a major question from the very beginning of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Despite considerable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-01 Noah Linden , Sandu Popescu , Anthony J. Short , Andreas Winter

After a sudden disruption, weakly interacting quantum systems first relax to a prethermalized state that can be described by perturbation theory and a generalized Gibbs ensemble. Using these properties of the prethermalized state we…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-08-27 Michael Stark , Marcus Kollar

Understanding how macroscopic systems exhibit irreversible thermal behavior has been a long-standing challenge, first brought to prominence by Boltzmann. Recent advances have established rigorous conditions for isolated quantum systems to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 M. R. Passos , Thiago R. de Oliveira

Understanding the evolution towards thermal equilibrium of an isolated quantum system is at the foundation of statistical mechanics and a subject of interest in such diverse areas as cold atom physics or the quantum mechanics of black…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-03-13 Sergei Khlebnikov , Martin Kruczenski

We discuss the application of techniques of quantum estimation theory and quantum metrology to thermometry. The ultimate limit to the precision at which the temperature of a system at thermal equilibrium can be determined is related to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Antonella De Pasquale , Thomas M. Stace