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Quantum state preparation is a central primitive in many quantum algorithms, yet it is generally resource intensive, with efficient constructions known only for structured families of states. This work introduces a method for preparing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Baptiste Claudon , Alexis Lucas , Jean-Philip Piquemal , César Feniou , Julien Zylberman

We propose a linear-size synthesis of the multi-controlled Toffoli gate on qudits with at most one borrowed ancilla. This one ancilla can even be saved when the qudit dimension is odd. Our synthesis leads to improvements in various quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-24 Wei Zi , Qian Li , Xiaoming Sun

We perform optimal-control-theory calculations to determine the minimum number of two-qubit CNOT gates needed to perform quantum state preparation and unitary operator synthesis for few-qubit systems. By considering all possible gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 Sahel Ashhab , Naoki Yamamoto , Fumiki Yoshihara , Kouichi Semba

A recurrence scheme is presented to decompose an $n$-qubit unitary gate to the product of no more than $N(N-1)/2$ single qubit gates with small number of controls, where $N = 2^n$. Detailed description of the recurrence steps and formulas…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-06 Chi-Kwong Li , Diane Pelejo

Optimal implementation of quantum gates is crucial for designing a quantum computer. We consider the matrix representation of an arbitrary multiqubit gate. By ordering the basis vectors using the Gray code, we construct the quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Juha J. Vartiainen , Mikko Mottonen , Martti M. Salomaa

We will present a few new generalizations of the multi-controlled X (MCX) gate that uses the quantum Fourier transform (QFT). Firstly, we will optimize QFT-MCX and prove that it is equivalent to a stair MCX gates array. This stair-wise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Vladimir V. Arsoski

Unitary decomposition is a widely used method to map quantum algorithms to an arbitrary set of quantum gates. Efficient implementation of this decomposition allows for translation of bigger unitary gates into elementary quantum operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 A. M. Krol , A. Sarkar , I. Ashraf , Z. Al-Ars , K. Bertels

This paper concerns the efficient implementation of quantum circuits for qudits. We show that controlled two-qudit gates can be implemented without ancillas and prove that the gate library containing arbitrary local unitaries and one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gavin K. Brennen , Stephen S. Bullock , Dianne P. O'Leary

Unitary and non-unitary diagonal operators are fundamental building blocks in quantum algorithms with applications in the resolution of partial differential equations, Hamiltonian simulations, the loading of classical data on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Julien Zylberman , Ugo Nzongani , Andrea Simonetto , Fabrice Debbasch

The decomposition for controlled-$ZX$ gate in [Phys. Rev. A, 87, 062318 (2013)] has a shallow circuit depth $8n-20$ with no ancilla. Here we modify this decomposition to decompose $n$-qubit Toffoli gate with only $2n-3$ additional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-25 Jian Leng , Fan Yang , Xiang-Bin Wang

In this paper, we propose a scheme to realize three-qubit controlled phase gate and multiqubit controlled-NOT gate of one qubit simultaneously controlling n target qubit with four level quantum system in a cavity. Adjustment of level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-03 Muhammad Waseem , Muhammad Irfan , Shahid Qamar

Fault-tolerant logic gates will consume a large proportion of the resources of a two-dimensional quantum computing architecture. Here we show how to perform a fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate with the surface code; a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-20 Benjamin J. Brown

Many quantum algorithms make use of ancilla, additional qubits used to store temporary information during computation, to reduce the total execution time. Quantum computers will be resource-constrained for years to come so reducing ancilla…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-26 Jonathan M. Baker , Casey Duckering , Frederic T. Chong

The problem of finding efficient decompositions of multi-qubit gates is of importance for quantum computing, especially, in application to existing noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, whose resources are substantially limited. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-05 A. S. Nikolaeva , E. O. Kiktenko , A. K. Fedorov

We present an implementation of multi-controlled quantum gates which provides significant reductions of cost compared to state-of-the-art methods. The operator applied on the target qubit is a unitary, special unitary, or the Pauli X…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Ben Zindorf , Sougato Bose

Quantum computing has the potential to solve many complex algorithms in the domains of optimization, arithmetics, structural search, financial risk analysis, machine learning, image processing, and others. Quantum circuits built to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Vladimir V. Arsoski

We show the applicability of the Cartan decomposition of Lie algebras to quantum circuits. This approach can be used to synthesize circuits that can efficiently implement any desired unitary operation. Our method finds explicit quantum…

Qubits, which are quantum counterparts of classical bits, are used as basic information units for quantum information processing, whereas underlying physical information carriers, e.g. (artificial) atoms or ions, admit encoding of more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Anastasiia S. Nikolaeva , Evgeniy O. Kiktenko , Aleksey K. Fedorov

One of the challenges in quantum computing is the synthesis of unitary operators into quantum circuits with polylogarithmic gate complexity. Exact synthesis of generic unitaries requires an exponential number of gates in general. We propose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-24 Daan Camps , Roel Van Beeumen

In this work, we report on a novel quantum gate approximation algorithm based on the application of parametric two-qubit gates in the synthesis process. The utilization of these parametric two-qubit gates in the circuit design allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Péter Rakyta , Zoltán Zimborás