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A time-stepping L1 scheme for subdiffusion equation with a Riemann--Liouville time-fractional derivative is developed and analyzed. This is the first paper to show that the L1 scheme for the model problem under consideration is second-order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Kassem Mustapha

In this paper we analyze the error as well for the semi-discretization as the full discretization of a time-dependent convection-diffusion problem. We use for the discretization in space the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method on a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-08 Yao Cheng , Yanjie Mei , Hans-Goerg Roos

A generalized finite element method is proposed for solving a heterogeneous reaction-diffusion equation with a singular perturbation parameter $\varepsilon$, based on locally approximating the solution on each subdomain by solution of a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Chupeng Ma , Jens Markus Melenk

Diffusion approximation provides weak approximation for stochastic gradient descent algorithms in a finite time horizon. In this paper, we introduce new tools motivated by the backward error analysis of numerical stochastic differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Yuanyuan Feng , Tingran Gao , Lei Li , Jian-Guo Liu , Yulong Lu

Practical diffusion sampling is a numerical approximation problem: under a fixed inference budget, one must simulate a reverse-time ODE or SDE using only a limited number of denoising steps, so discretization error is often the dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Samuel Hurault , Thomas Moreau , Gabriel Peyré

*The gradient discretisation method (GDM) is a generic framework, covering many classical methods (Finite Elements, Finite Volumes, Discontinuous Galerkin, etc.), for designing and analysing numerical schemes for diffusion models. In this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Jerome Droniou , Beniamin Goldys , Kim-Ngan Le

We consider a model convection-diffusion problem and present our recent numerical and analysis results regarding mixed finite element formulation and discretization in the singular perturbed case when the convection term dominates the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Constantin Bacuta , Daniel Hayes , Tyler O'Grady

The gradient discretisation method is a generic framework that is applicable to a number of schemes for diffusion equations, and provides in particular generic error estimates in $L^2$ and $H^1$-like norms. In this paper, we establish an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Jerome Droniou , Neela Nataraj

Diffusion models (DMs) have been adopted across diverse fields with its remarkable abilities in capturing intricate data distributions. In this paper, we propose a Fast Diffusion Model (FDM) to significantly speed up DMs from a stochastic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Zike Wu , Pan Zhou , Kenji Kawaguchi , Hanwang Zhang

The gradient discretisation method (GDM) -- a generic framework encompassing many numerical methods -- is studied for a general stochastic Stefan problem with multiplicative noise. The convergence of the numerical solutions is proved by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-09 Jerome Droniou , Muhammad Awais Khan , Kim Ngan Le

We introduce the first continuous-time score-based generative model that leverages fractional diffusion processes for its underlying dynamics. Although diffusion models have excelled at capturing data distributions, they still suffer from…

We present a numerical analysis of a higher order unfitted space-time Finite Element method applied to a convection-diffusion model problem posed on a moving bulk domain. The method uses isoparametric space-time mappings for the geometry…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Fabian Heimann , Christoph Lehrenfeld , Janosch Preuß

The diffusion approximation of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in current literature is only valid on a finite time interval. In this paper, we establish the uniform-in-time diffusion approximation of SGD, by only assuming that the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-12 Lei Li , Yuliang Wang

In this paper, we consider the adaptive Eulerian--Lagrangian method (ELM) for linear convection-diffusion problems. Unlike the classical a posteriori error estimations, we estimate the temporal error along the characteristics and derive a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-09-07 Xiaozhe Hu , Young-Ju Lee , Jinchao Xu , Chensong Zhang

As a highly expressive generative model, diffusion models have demonstrated exceptional success across various domains, including image generation, natural language processing, and combinatorial optimization. However, as data distributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Myunsoo Kim , Donghyeon Ki , Seong-Woong Shim , Byung-Jun Lee

We develop a unified framework for the design and analysis of high-order nonconforming virtual element methods for nonlinear fourth-order reaction--diffusion problems in two dimensions, with emphasis on clamped, Navier, and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Dibyendu Adak , David Mora , Alberth Silgado

In this paper, we present a meshless hybrid method combining the Generalized Finite Difference (GFD) and Finite Difference based Radial Basis Function (RBF-FD) approaches to solve non-homogeneous partial differential equations (PDEs)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-02 Priyal Garg , T. V. S. Sekhar

In this paper, we develop the constraint energy minimizing generalized multiscale finite element method (CEM-GMsFEM) for convection-diffusion equations with inhomogeneous Dirichlet, Neumann and Robin boundary conditions, along with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Po Chai Wong , Eric T. Chung , Changqing Ye , Lina Zhao

We develop a convergent reaction-drift-diffusion master equation (CRDDME) to facilitate the study of reaction processes in which spatial transport is influenced by drift due to one-body potential fields within general domain geometries. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Samuel A. Isaacson , Ying Zhang

This is the second part of study on the optimal convergence rate of the explicit Euler discretization in time for the convection-diffusion equations [Appl. Math. Lett. \textbf{131} (2022) 108048] which focuses on high-dimensional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-13 Qifeng Zhang , Jiyuan Zhang , Zhi-zhong Sun