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Related papers: Observable and Unobservable in Quantum Mechanics

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The Heisenberg uncertainty principle is one of the most famous features of quantum mechanics. However, the non-determinism implied by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle --- together with other prominent aspects of quantum mechanics such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Adam Brandenburger , Pierfrancesco La Mura

In this paper, we investigate similarities and differences between the main neo-Copenhagen (or "epistemic-pragmatist") interpretations of quantum mechanics, here identified as those defined by the rejection of an ontological nature of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Ali Barzegar , Daniele Oriti

This work sets out to answer a single question: what is the orthodox interpretation of quantum mechanics? However, we adopt a different approach to that normally used. Rather than surveying physicists, or poring over the precise details of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Geoff Beck

The concept of intrinsic and operational observables in quantum mechanics is introduced. In any realistic description of a quantum measurement that includes a macroscopic detecting device, it is possible to construct from the statistics of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 B. G. Englert , K. Wodkiewicz

The words: determinism, hidden variables, subjectivism, information, objectivism, informational-theoretic axioms,observers have some connection with physical reality? What we mean with "description" of physical reality? When we say that we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michele Caponigro , Helen Lynn

In this paper, we extend our previous discussion on ontological determinism, non-locality and quantum mechanics to that of the Sarfatti post-quantum mechanics perspective. We examine the nature of quantum equilibrium and non-equilibrium and…

General Physics · Physics 2018-07-26 Maurice Passman , Philip V. Fellman , Jonathan Vos Post , Avishai Passman , Jack Sarfatti

Some notes about quantum physics, an interpretation if one wishes, are put forward, insisting on `closely following the mathematics/formalism, the `nuts and bolts of what quantum physics says'. These, basically well-known, issues seem to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-03 Eliahu Levy

Quantum mechanics is a fundamentally probabilistic theory (at least so far as the empirical predictions are concerned). It follows that, if one wants to properly understand quantum mechanics, it is essential to clearly understand the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. M. Appleby

The physical meaning of the operators is not reducible to the intrinsic relations of the quantum system, since unitary transformations can find other operators satisfying the exact same relations. The physical meaning is determined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

These notes are intended as an introduction to a study of applications of noncommutative calculus to quantum statistical Physics. Centered on noncommutative calculus we describe the physical concepts and mathematical structures appearing in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-10-09 W. A. Majewski

We explore further the suggestion to describe a pre- and post-selected system by a two-state, which is determined by two conditions. Starting with a formal definition of a two-state Hilbert space and basic operations, we systematically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 B. Reznik , Y. Aharonov

In the present paper, the decision problem of the Schr\"odinger equation (asking whether or not a given Hamiltonian operator has the nonempty solution set) is represented as a logical statement. As it is shown in the paper, the law of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-11 Arkady Bolotin

Interpretations of key concepts, such as uncertainty relations, kinetic energy, value of an observable, probability distributions, the projection or collapse of a wave function postulate, and discrete versus continuous values, that appear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-09-10 Elias P. Gyftopoulos

In this paper, we examined the connection between quantum systems' indistinguishability and signed (or negative) probabilities. We do so by first introducing a measure-theoretic definition of signed probabilities inspired by research in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-30 J. Acacio de Barros , Federico Holik

A colloquial interpretation of entropy is that it is the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of a random experiment. Conditional entropy is then interpreted as the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of one random experiment…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-20 Gilad Gour , Mark M. Wilde , Sarah Brandsen , Isabelle Jianing Geng

We discuss that there is a crucial contradiction within quantum mechanics. We derive a proposition concerning a quantum expectation value under the assumption of the existence of the directions in a spin-1/2 system. The quantum predictions…

General Physics · Physics 2008-11-28 Koji Nagata , Tadao Nakamura

This text is an introduction to an operational outlook on Bell inequalities, which has been very fruitful in the past few years. It has lead to the recognition that Bell tests have their own place in applied quantum technologies, because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Valerio Scarani

According to the Kolmogorovian Censorship Hypothesis, everything that quantum theory says about the world in the language of the quantum mechanical Hilbert space formalism is actually about relationships between ordinary relative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-30 Laszlo E. Szabo , Marton Gomori , Zalan Gyenis

There are two different and logically independent concepts of noncontextuality in quantum mechanics. First, an ontological (hidden variable) model for quantum mechanics is called noncontextual if every ontic (hidden) state determines the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-03 Gábor Hofer-Szabó

Where does quantum mechanics part ways with classical mechanics? How does quantum randomness differ fundamentally from classical randomness? We cannot fully explain how the theories differ until we can derive them within a single axiomatic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-07 Agung Budiyono , Daniel Rohrlich