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We propose a novel score-based approach to learning a directed acyclic graph (DAG) from observational data. We adapt a recently proposed continuous constrained optimization formulation to allow for nonlinear relationships between variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Sébastien Lachapelle , Philippe Brouillard , Tristan Deleu , Simon Lacoste-Julien

Rooted phylogenetic networks, or more generally, directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), are widely used to model species or gene relationships that traditional rooted trees cannot fully capture, especially in the presence of reticulate processes…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-24 Anna Lindeberg , Marc Hellmuth

We initiate the study of counting Markov Equivalence Classes (MEC) under logical constraints. MECs are equivalence classes of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) that encode the same conditional independence structure among the random variables…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Davide Bizzaro , Luciano Serafini , Sagar Malhotra

There has been a growing interest in causal learning in recent years. Commonly used representations of causal structures, including Bayesian networks and structural equation models (SEM), take the form of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Pavel Rytir , Ales Wodecki , Jakub Marecek

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) and associated probability models are widely used to model neural connectivity and communication channels. In many experiments, data are collected from multiple subjects whose connectivities may differ but are…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-11-17 Chris J. Oates , Lilia Carneiro da Costa , Tom Nichols

We present a method to generate directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) using deep reinforcement learning, specifically deep Q-learning. Generating graphs with specified structures is an important and challenging task in various application fields,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Laura D'Arcy , Padraig Corcoran , Alun Preece

We define Gaussian graphical models on directed acyclic graphs with coloured vertices and edges, calling them RDAG (restricted directed acyclic graph) models. If two vertices or edges have the same colour, their parameters in the model must…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-30 Visu Makam , Philipp Reichenbach , Anna Seigal

Recovering the underlying Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) structures from observational data presents a formidable challenge, partly due to the combinatorial nature of the DAG-constrained optimization problem. Recently, researchers have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Zhen Zhang , Ignavier Ng , Dong Gong , Yuhang Liu , Mingming Gong , Biwei Huang , Kun Zhang , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are fundamental structures used across many scientific fields. A key concept in DAGs is the least common ancestor (LCA), which plays a crucial role in understanding hierarchical relationships. Surprisingly…

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) serve as crucial data representations in domains such as hardware synthesis and compiler/program optimization for computing systems. DAG generative models facilitate the creation of synthetic DAGs, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mufei Li , Viraj Shitole , Eli Chien , Changhai Man , Zhaodong Wang , Srinivas Sridharan , Ying Zhang , Tushar Krishna , Pan Li

Social science theories often postulate causal relationships among a set of variables or events. Although directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are increasingly used to represent these theories, their full potential has not yet been realized in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-17 Sourabh Balgi , Adel Daoud , Jose M. Peña , Geoffrey T. Wodtke , Jesse Zhou

Directed Gaussian graphical models are statistical models that use a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to represent the conditional independence structures between a set of jointly normal random variables. The DAG specifies the model through…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-08-08 Pratik Misra , Seth Sullivant

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) provide a powerful framework to model causal relationships among variables in multivariate settings; in addition, through the do-calculus theory, they allow for the identification and estimation of causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-31 Federico Castelletti , Alessandro Mascaro

Conditional independence models associated with directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) may be characterized in at least three different ways: via a factorization, the global Markov property (given by the d-separation criterion), and the local…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-27 Thomas S. Richardson , Robin J. Evans , James M. Robins , Ilya Shpitser

This paper considers the problem of estimating the structure of multiple related directed acyclic graph (DAG) models. Building on recent developments in exact estimation of DAGs using integer linear programming (ILP), we present an ILP…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-13 Chris J. Oates , Jim Q. Smith , Sach Mukherjee , James Cussens

Chain graphs (CG) use undirected and directed edges to represent both structural and associative dependences. Like acyclic directed graphs (ADGs), the CG associated with a statistical Markov model may not be unique, so CGs fall into Markov…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-16 Steen A. Andersson , Michael D. Perlman

Covariate adjustment is a widely used approach to estimate total causal effects from observational data. Several graphical criteria have been developed in recent years to identify valid covariates for adjustment from graphical causal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Emilija Perković , Johannes Textor , Markus Kalisch , Marloes H. Maathuis

Causal DAGs (also known as Bayesian networks) are a popular tool for encoding conditional dependencies between random variables. In a causal DAG, the random variables are modeled as vertices in the DAG, and it is stipulated that every…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Vidya Sagar Sharma

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are central to science and engineering applications including causal inference, scheduling, and neural architecture search. In this work, we introduce the DAG Convolutional Network (DCN), a novel graph neural…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Samuel Rey , Hamed Ajorlou , Gonzalo Mateos

Learning the structure of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) presents a significant challenge due to the vast combinatorial search space of possible graphs, which scales exponentially with the number of nodes. Recent advancements have redefined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Klea Ziu , Slavomír Hanzely , Loka Li , Kun Zhang , Martin Takáč , Dmitry Kamzolov