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Safety cases - clear, assessable arguments for the safety of a system in a given context - are a widely-used technique across various industries for showing a decision-maker (e.g. boards, customers, third parties) that a system is safe. In…
Conversational AI systems can engage in unsafe behaviour when handling users' medical queries that can have severe consequences and could even lead to deaths. Systems therefore need to be capable of both recognising the seriousness of…
Foundation models are at the forefront of AI research, appealing for their ability to learn from vast datasets and cater to diverse tasks. Yet, their significant computational demands raise issues of environmental impact and the risk of…
As generative AI (GAI) becomes more integrated into higher education, universities are actively exploring its governance and issuing guidelines to promote responsible use, reflecting varied stages of adoption and orientations. This study…
The increasing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers significant opportunities across the engineering lifecycle, including requirements engineering, software development, process optimization, and decision support. Despite this…
Generative pretraining (the "GPT" in ChatGPT) enables language models to learn from vast amounts of internet text without human supervision. This approach has driven breakthroughs across AI by allowing deep neural networks to learn from…
The downstream use cases, benefits, and risks of AI systems depend significantly on the access afforded to the system, and to whom. However, the downstream implications of different access styles are not well understood, making it difficult…
Traditional rule-based cybersecurity systems have proven highly effective against known malware threats. However, they face challenges in detecting novel threats. To address this issue, emerging cybersecurity systems are incorporating AI…
Foundation models show great promise for generative tasks in many domains. Here we discuss the use of foundation models to generate structured documents related to critical assets. A Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) captures the…
Foundation models refer to artificial intelligence (AI) models that are trained on massive amounts of data and demonstrate broad generalizability across various tasks with high accuracy. These models offer versatile, one-for-many or…
Chinese authorities are extending the country's four-phase emergency response framework (prevent, warn, respond, and recover) to address risks from advanced artificial intelligence (AI). Concrete mechanisms for the proactive prevention and…
The rapid advancement of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) presents both opportunities and challenges for English for Academic Purposes (EAP) instruction. This paper proposes an adaptation of the AI Assessment Scale (AIAS)…
Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has the potential to improve healthcare through automation that enhances the quality and safety of patient care. Powered by foundation models that have been pretrained and can generate complex…
Frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems pose increasing risks to society, making it essential for developers to provide assurances about their safety. One approach to offering such assurances is through a safety case: a structured,…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved over the past decade and has advanced in areas such as language comprehension, image and video recognition, programming, and scientific reasoning. Recent AI technologies based on large…
Purpose: The governance of artificial iintelligence (AI) systems requires a structured approach that connects high-level regulatory principles with practical implementation. Existing frameworks lack clarity on how regulations translate into…
A number of leading AI companies, including OpenAI, Google DeepMind, and Anthropic, have the stated goal of building artificial general intelligence (AGI) - AI systems that achieve or exceed human performance across a wide range of…
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international agreements outline numerous inalienable rights that apply across geopolitical boundaries. As generative AI becomes increasingly prevalent, it poses risks to human rights such…
Generative AI (genAI) tools, such as ChatGPT or Copilot, are advertised to improve developer productivity and are being integrated into software development. However, misaligned trust, skepticism, and usability concerns can impede the…
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) applies models and algorithms such as Large Language Model (LLM) and Foundation Model (FM) to generate new data. GenAI, as a promising approach, enables advanced capabilities in various…