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Ensuring that Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems deliver human-perceived quality at scale is a central challenge for modern speech technologies. Human subjective evaluation protocols such as Mean Opinion Score (MOS) and Side-by-Side (SBS)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Ilya Trofimenko , David Kocharyan , Aleksandr Zaitsev , Pavel Repnikov , Mark Levin , Nikita Shevtsov

Explainable speech quality assessment requires moving beyond Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) to analyze underlying perceptual dimensions. To address this, we introduce a novel post-training method that tailors the foundational Audio Large…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Elizaveta Kostenok , Mathieu Salzmann , Milos Cernak

Speech quality assessment is a critical process in selecting text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) or voice conversion models. Evaluation of voice synthesis can be done using objective metrics or subjective metrics. Although there are many…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Saurabh Agrawal , Raj Gohil , Gopal Kumar Agrawal , Vikram C M , Kushal Verma

Perceptual speech quality is an important performance metric for teleconferencing applications. The mean opinion score (MOS) is standardized for the perceptual evaluation of speech quality and is obtained by asking listeners to rate the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Haleh Akrami , Hannes Gamper

Automatic speech quality assessment aims to quantify subjective human perception of speech through computational models to reduce the need for labor-consuming manual evaluations. While models based on deep learning have achieved progress in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zhicheng Lian , Lizhi Wang , Hua Huang

A pooling mechanism is essential for mean opinion score (MOS) prediction, facilitating the transformation of variable-length audio features into a concise fixed-size representation that effectively encodes speech quality. Existing pooling…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Cheng-Yeh Yang , Kuan-Tang Huang , Chien-Chun Wang , Hung-Shin Lee , Hsin-Min Wang , Berlin Chen

Background noise is a major source of quality impairments in Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) calls. Recent work shows the efficacy of deep learning for noise suppression, but the datasets…

Although recent neural text-to-speech (TTS) systems have achieved high-quality speech synthesis, there are cases where a TTS system generates low-quality speech, mainly caused by limited training data or information loss during knowledge…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-26 Yeunju Choi , Youngmoon Jung , Youngjoo Suh , Hoirin Kim

Text-to-Speech synthesis systems are generally evaluated using Mean Opinion Score (MOS) tests, where listeners score samples of synthetic speech on a Likert scale. A major drawback of MOS tests is that they only offer a general measure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-07 Elijah Gutierrez , Pilar Oplustil-Gallegos , Catherine Lai

Speech quality assessment (SQA) aims to evaluate the quality of speech samples without relying on time-consuming listener questionnaires. Recent efforts have focused on training neural-based SQA models to predict the mean opinion score…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuto Kondo , Hirokazu Kameoka , Kou Tanaka , Takuhiro Kaneko

Designing a speech quality assessment (SQA) system for estimating mean-opinion-score (MOS) of multi-rate speech with varying sampling frequency (16-48 kHz) is a challenging task. The challenge arises due to the limited availability of a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Fengyuan Cao , Xinyu Liang , Fredrik Cumlin , Victor Ungureanu , Chandan K. A. Reddy , Christian Schuldt , Saikat Chatterjee

Learning from implicit user feedback is challenging as we can only observe positive samples but never access negative ones. Most conventional methods cope with this issue by adopting a pairwise ranking approach with negative sampling.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Riku Togashi , Masahiro Kato , Mayu Otani , Shin'ichi Satoh

Text retrieval plays a crucial role in incorporating factual knowledge for decision making into language processing pipelines, ranging from chat-based web search to question answering systems. Current state-of-the-art text retrieval models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ge Gao , Jonathan D. Chang , Claire Cardie , Kianté Brantley , Thorsten Joachim

The rank correlation coefficients and the ranked-based statistical tests (as a subset of non-parametric techniques) might be misleading when they are applied to subjectively collected opinion scores. Those techniques assume that the data is…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Babak Naderi , Sebastian Möller

Evaluating speech generation still relies heavily on human judgments, such as Mean Opinion Score (MOS), which are expensive, subjective, and difficult to reproduce at scale. While a few recent studies have begun to explore AudioLLM-based…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Yuanyuan Wang , Dongchao Yang , Yayue Deng , Zhiyong Wu , Yiwen Guo , Helen Meng , Xixin Wu

Pairwise Ranking Prompting (PRP) elicits pairwise preference judgments from an LLM, which are then aggregated into a ranking, usually via classical sorting algorithms. However, judgments are noisy, order-sensitive, and sometimes…

The acoustic environment can degrade speech quality during communication (e.g., video call, remote presentation, outside voice recording), and its impact is often unknown. Objective metrics for speech quality have proven challenging to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-30 Karl El Hajal , Milos Cernak , Pablo Mainar

Speech quality assessment (SQA) is often used to learn a mapping from a high-dimensional input space to a scalar that represents the mean opinion score (MOS) of the perceptual speech quality. Learning such a mapping is challenging for many…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-17 Junyi Fan , Donald Williamson

News recommendation is a challenging task that involves personalization based on the interaction history and preferences of each user. Recent works have leveraged the power of pretrained language models (PLMs) to directly rank news items by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Nithish Kannen , Yao Ma , Gerrit J. J. van den Burg , Jean Baptiste Faddoul

LLMs have demonstrated impressive zero-shot performance on NLP tasks thanks to the knowledge they acquired in their training. In multiple-choice QA tasks, the LM probabilities are used as an imperfect measure of the plausibility of each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Wenkai Chen , Sahithya Ravi , Vered Shwartz