Related papers: Upgrading survival models with CARE
In contrast to the standard learning paradigm where all classes can be observed in training data, learning with augmented classes (LAC) tackles the problem where augmented classes unobserved in the training data may emerge in the test…
We often seek to estimate the impact of an exposure naturally occurring or randomly assigned at the cluster-level. For example, the literature on neighborhood determinants of health continues to grow. Likewise, community randomized trials…
In this article, we consider models for time-to-event data obtained from experiments in which stress levels are altered at intermediate stages during the observation period. These experiments, known as step-stress tests, belong to the…
In large observational studies, the case-cohort design is commonly used to reduce the cost associated with covariate measurement. For survival outcomes, literature has suggested that the restricted mean survival time (RMST) be a more…
We introduce a Bayesian nonparametric inference approach for aggregate adverse event (AE) monitoring across studies. The proposed model seamlessly integrates external data from historical trials to define a relevant background rate and…
Frailty models are often the model of choice for heterogeneous survival data. A frailty model contains both random effects and fixed effects, with the random effects accommodating for the correlation in the data. Different estimation…
When analyzing time-to-event data, it often happens that some subjects do not experience the event of interest. Survival models that take this feature into account (called `cure models') have been developed in the presence of covariates.…
Utilizing established risk factors and prognostic models can often improve the construction of a newer risk model that uses novel biomarkers in a smaller, internal study. However, directly borrowing information from an established…
We study policy evaluation of offline contextual bandits subject to unobserved confounders. Sensitivity analysis methods are commonly used to estimate the policy value under the worst-case confounding over a given uncertainty set. However,…
Clinical prediction from structured electronic health records (EHRs) is challenging due to high dimensionality, heterogeneity, class imbalance, and distribution shift. While tabular in-context learning (TICL) and retrieval-augmented methods…
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge into their input prompts. However, when the retrieved context contradicts the LLM's parametric knowledge, it…
Competing risk data appear widely in modern biomedical research. Cause-specific hazard models are often used to deal with competing risk data in the past two decades. There is no current study on the kernel likelihood method for the…
Clinical decision support tools built on electronic health records often experience performance drift due to temporal population shifts, particularly when changes in the clinical environment initially affect only a subset of patients,…
In this paper we propose a novel R package, called rsurv, developed for general survival data simulation purposes. The package is built under a new approach to simulate survival data that depends heavily on the use of dplyr verbs. The…
Our paper discovers a new trade-off of using regression adjustments (RAs) in causal inference under covariate-adaptive randomizations (CARs). On one hand, RAs can improve the efficiency of causal estimators by incorporating information from…
The automatic classification of occupational accident reports is pivotal for workplace safety analysis but is persistently hindered by severe class imbalance and data scarcity. In this paper, we propose ABEX-RAT, a resource-efficient…
We consider an online stochastic game with risk-averse agents whose goal is to learn optimal decisions that minimize the risk of incurring significantly high costs. Specifically, we use the Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) as a risk measure…
Modeling distributions of covariates, or density estimation, is a core challenge in unsupervised learning. However, the majority of work only considers the joint distribution, which has limited utility in practical situations. A more…
The mixture cure rate model is the most commonly used cure rate model in the literature. In the context of mixture cure rate model, the standard approach to model the effect of covariates on the cured or uncured probability is to use a…
We consider the question of estimating a solution to a system of equations that involve convex nonlinearities, a problem that is common in machine learning and signal processing. Because of these nonlinearities, conventional estimators…