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Instrumental variables (IV) methods are central to applied microeconomics. While classical approaches assume linear models with constant effects, recent literature has shifted toward the local average treatment effect (LATE) framework to…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-15 Tymon Słoczyński , Liyang Sun , S. Derya Uysal

Most previous studies of the causal relationship between malaria and stunting have been studies where potential confounders are controlled via regression-based methods, but these studies may have been biased by unobserved confounders.…

Applications · Statistics 2015-11-11 Hyunseung Kang , Benno Kreuels , Jürgen May , Dylan S. Small

Instrumental variable (IV) is a powerful approach to inferring the causal effect of a treatment on an outcome of interest from observational data even when there exist latent confounders between the treatment and the outcome. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Debo Cheng , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu , Kui Yu , Thuc Duy Lee , Jixue Liu

Traditional instrumental variable (IV) methods often struggle with weak or invalid instruments and rely heavily on external data. We introduce a Synthetic Instrumental Variable (SIV) approach that constructs valid instruments using only…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-22 Ratbek Dzhumashev , Ainura Tursunalieva

This paper considers the problem of robust hypothesis testing under non-identically distributed data. We propose Wald-type tests for both simple and composite hypothesis for independent but non-homogeneous observations based on the robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-09 Ayanendranath Basu , Abhik Ghosh , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

We introduce a new instrumental variable (IV) estimator for heterogeneous treatment effects in the presence of endogeneity. Our estimator is based on double/debiased machine learning (DML) and uses efficient machine learning instruments…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-06 Cyrill Scheidegger , Zijian Guo , Peter Bühlmann

Instrumental variable (IV) regression is a strategy for learning causal relationships in observational data. If measurements of input X and output Y are confounded, the causal relationship can nonetheless be identified if an instrumental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Rahul Singh , Maneesh Sahani , Arthur Gretton

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) are considered a promising recipe to deliver better policy interventions. One key ingredient in optimal ITR estimation problems is to estimate the average treatment effect conditional on a subject's…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-16 Hongming Pu , Bo Zhang

Instrumental variables have been widely used to estimate the causal effect of a treatment on an outcome. Existing confidence intervals for causal effects based on instrumental variables assume that all of the putative instrumental variables…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-03 Hyunseung Kang , Youjin Lee , T. Tony Cai , Dylan S. Small

We study linear regression models with clustered data, high-dimensional controls, and intricate exclusion restrictions. We propose a correctly centered internal instrument IV estimator that accommodates a broad class of exclusion…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-09 Anna Mikusheva , Mikkel Sølvsten , Baiyun Jing

In this paper a robust version of the classical Wald test statistics for linear hypothesis in the logistic regression model is introduced and its properties are explored. We study the problem under the assumption of random covariates…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-09 Ayandrendanath Basu , Abhik Ghosh , Abhijit Mandal , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

A generalization of Passing-Bablok regression is proposed for comparing multiple measurement methods simultaneously. Possible applications include assay migration studies or interlaboratory trials. When comparing only two methods, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-25 Florian Dufey

For the over-identified linear instrumental variables model, researchers commonly report the 2SLS estimate along with the robust standard error and seek to conduct inference with these quantities. If errors are homoskedastic, one can…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-11-28 David S. Lee , Justin McCrary , Marcelo J. Moreira , Jack Porter , Luther Yap

We study the problem of estimating causal effects under hidden confounding in the following unpaired data setting: we observe some covariates $X$ and an outcome $Y$ under different experimental conditions (environments) but do not observe…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-22 Felix Schur , Niklas Pfister , Peng Ding , Sach Mukherjee , Jonas Peters

We introduce a new test for a two-sided hypothesis involving a subset of the structural parameter vector in the linear instrumental variables (IVs) model. Guggenberger et al. (2019), GKM19 from now on, introduce a subvector Anderson-Rubin…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-10-28 Patrik Guggenberger , Frank Kleibergen , Sophocles Mavroeidis

The importance of exploring a potential integration among surveys has been acknowledged in order to enhance effectiveness and minimize expenses. In this work, we employ the alignment method to combine information from two different surveys…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-09 Vasilis Chasiotis , Dimitris Karlis

This work is concerned with the estimation of multidimensional regression and the asymptotic behaviour of the test involved in selecting models. The main problem with such models is that we need to know the covariance matrix of the noise to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-02-20 Joseph Rynkiewicz

This paper investigates the theoretical underpinnings of two fundamental statistical inference problems, the construction of confidence sets and large-scale simultaneous hypothesis testing, in the presence of heavy-tailed data. With…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Xi Chen , Wen-Xin Zhou

We present a comprehensive R software ivmodel for analyzing instrumental variables with one endogenous variable. The package implements a general class of estimators called k- class estimators and two confidence intervals that are fully…

Applications · Statistics 2020-07-09 Hyunseung Kang , Yang Jiang , Qingyuan Zhao , Dylan S. Small

Instrumental variable regression is a common approach for causal inference in the presence of unobserved confounding. However, identifying valid instruments is often difficult in practice. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-22 Gregor Steiner , Jeremie Houssineau , Mark F. J. Steel