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We introduce the MultiLang Code Parser Dataset (MLCPD), a large-scale, language-agnostic dataset unifying syntactic and structural representations of code across ten major programming languages. MLCPD contains over seven million parsed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jugal Gajjar , Kamalasankari Subramaniakuppusamy

The model context protocol (MCP) standardizes how LLMs connect to external tools and data sources, enabling faster integration but introducing new attack vectors. Despite the growing adoption of MCP, existing MCP security studies classify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yiheng Huang , Zhijia Zhao , Bihuan Chen , Susheng Wu , Zhuotong Zhou , Yiheng Cao , Xin Hu , Xin Peng

The Robot Context Protocol (RCP) is a lightweight, middleware-agnostic communication protocol designed to simplify the complexity of robotic systems and enable seamless interaction between robots, users, and autonomous agents. RCP provides…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Lambert Lee , Joshua Lau

As scientific discovery becomes increasingly data-driven, software platforms are needed to efficiently organize and disseminate data from disparate sources. This is certainly the case in the field of materials science. For example,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-11-04 Patrick Huck , Anubhav Jain , Dan Gunter , Donald Winston , Kristin Persson

Multipath TCP (MPTCP) extends traditional TCP to enable simultaneous use of multiple connection endpoints at the source and destination. MPTCP has been under active development since its standardization in 2013, and more recently in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Tanya Shreedhar , Danesh Zeynali , Oliver Gasser , Nitinder Mohan , Jörg Ott

AI-assisted developer services are increasingly embedded in modern IDEs, yet enterprises must ensure these tools operate within existing identity, access control, and governance requirements. The Model Context Protocol (MCP) enables AI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Manideep Reddy Chinthareddy

As dialogue systems become increasingly important across various domains, a key challenge in persona-based dialogue is generating engaging and context-specific interactions while ensuring the model acts with a coherent personality. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Kyungro Lee , Dongha Choi , Hyunju Lee

This paper identifies and analyzes a novel vulnerability class in Model Context Protocol (MCP) based agent systems. The attack chain describes and demonstrates how benign, individually authorized tasks can be orchestrated to produce harmful…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 David Noever

Foundation models (e.g. ChatGPT, StableDiffusion) pervasively influence society, warranting immediate social attention. While the models themselves garner much attention, to accurately characterize their impact, we must consider the broader…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Rishi Bommasani , Dilara Soylu , Thomas I. Liao , Kathleen A. Creel , Percy Liang

AI agents have become increasingly adept at complex tasks such as coding, reasoning, and multimodal understanding. However, building generalist systems requires moving beyond individual agents to collective inference -- a paradigm where…

Image-text interleaved data, consisting of multiple images and texts arranged in a natural document format, aligns with the presentation paradigm of internet data and closely resembles human reading habits. Recent studies have shown that…

The rapid development of LLMs coupled with the introduction of Model Context Protocol (MCP) has revolutionized how intelligent agents interact with APIs through deterministic and structured methods \cite{ModelContextProtocolIntro2025}.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Aditya Pujara , Xiaogang Zhu , Hsiang-Ting Chen

Answering financial questions is often treated as an information retrieval problem. In practice, however, much of the relevant information is already available in curated vendor systems, especially for quantitative analysis. We study…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Sasan Mansouri , Edoardo Pilla , Mark Wahrenburg , Fabian Woebbeking

The rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs)-based intelligent agents underscores the need for robust, scalable evaluation frameworks. Existing methods rely on static benchmarks and labor-intensive data collection, limiting practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zhiwei Liu , Jielin Qiu , Shiyu Wang , Jianguo Zhang , Zuxin Liu , Roshan Ram , Haolin Chen , Weiran Yao , Shelby Heinecke , Silvio Savarese , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong

The AI agent ecosystem has converged on two protocols: the Model Context Protocol (MCP) for tool invocation and Agent-to-Agent (A2A) for single-principal task delegation. Both assume a single controlling principal, meaning one person or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kaiyang Qian , Xinmin Fang , Zhengxiong Li

Agentic workflows driven by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to Building Information Modelling (BIM), enabling natural-language retrieval, modification and generation of IFC models. Recent work has begun adopting the…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tobias Heimig-Elschner , Changyu Du , Anna Scheuvens , André Borrmann , Jakob Beetz

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) introduces a standard specification that defines how Foundation Model (FM)-based agents should interact with external systems by invoking tools. However, to understand a tool's purpose and features, FMs rely…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mohammed Mehedi Hasan , Hao Li , Gopi Krishnan Rajbahadur , Bram Adams , Ahmed E. Hassan

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are rapidly emerging as powerful systems for automating tasks across domains. Yet progress in the open-source community is constrained by the lack of high quality permissively licensed tool-agentic training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhangchen Xu , Adriana Meza Soria , Shawn Tan , Anurag Roy , Ashish Sunil Agrawal , Radha Poovendran , Rameswar Panda

We present M^3-Bench, the first benchmark for evaluating multimodal tool use under the Model Context Protocol. The benchmark targets realistic, multi-hop and multi-threaded workflows that require visual grounding and textual reasoning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yang Zhou , Mingyu Zhao , Zhenting Wang , Difei Gu , Bangwei Guo , Ruosong Ye , Ligong Han , Can Jin , Dimitris N. Metaxas

With advances in decision-making and reasoning capabilities, multimodal agents show strong potential in computer application scenarios. Past evaluations have mainly assessed GUI interaction skills, while tool invocation abilities, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Hongrui Jia , Jitong Liao , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Tianbao Xie , Chaoya Jiang , Ming Yan , Si Liu , Wei Ye , Fei Huang