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Understanding research papers remains challenging for foundation models due to specialized scientific discourse and complex figures and tables, yet existing benchmarks offer limited fine-grained evaluation at scale. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yelin Chen , Fanjin Zhang , Suping Sun , Yunhe Pang , Yuanchun Wang , Jian Song , Xiaoyan Li , Lei Hou , Shu Zhao , Jie Tang , Juanzi Li

The evaluation of clustering algorithms can involve running them on a variety of benchmark problems, and comparing their outputs to the reference, ground-truth groupings provided by experts. Unfortunately, many research papers and graduate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Marek Gagolewski

Matrix reordering permutes the rows and columns of a matrix to reveal meaningful visual patterns, such as blocks that represent clusters. A comprehensive collection of matrices, along with a scoring method for measuring the quality of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jiangning Zhu , Zheng Wang , Zhiyang Shen , Lai Wei , Fengyuan Tian , Mengchen Liu , Shixia Liu

Benchmarking is a common practice in software engineering to assess the qualities and performance of software variants, coming from multiple competing systems or from configurations of the same system. Benchmarks are used notably to compare…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Théo Matricon , Mathieu Acher , Helge Spieker , Arnaud Gotlieb

Evaluation insights are limited by the availability of high-quality benchmarks. As models evolve, there is a need to create benchmarks that can measure progress on new and complex generative capabilities. However, manually creating new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Natasha Butt , Varun Chandrasekaran , Neel Joshi , Besmira Nushi , Vidhisha Balachandran

Currently, there is no consistent benchmarking across multi-disciplines. Even no previous work tries to relate different categories of benchmarks in multi-disciplines. This article investigates the origin and evolution of the benchmark…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Jianfeng Zhan

The reproduction and replication of research results has become a major issue for a number of scientific disciplines. In computer science and related computational disciplines such as systems biology, the challenges closely revolve around…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-07-31 Tom Crick , Benjamin A. Hall , Samin Ishtiaq

Benchmarking plays an important role in the development of novel search algorithms as well as for the assessment and comparison of contemporary algorithmic ideas. This paper presents common principles that need to be taken into account when…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Michael Hellwig , Hans-Georg Beyer

Checkmate is a framework that allows the user to conveniently test simulated BSM physics events against current LHC data in order to derive exclusion limits. For this purpose, the data runs through a detector simulation and is then…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 Jong Soo Kim , Daniel Schmeier , Jamie Tattersall , Krzysztof Rolbiecki

While traditional tree-based ensemble methods have long dominated tabular tasks, deep neural networks and emerging foundation models have challenged this primacy, yet no consensus exists on a universally superior paradigm. Existing…

There are many areas of scientific endeavour where large, complex datasets are needed for benchmarking. Evolutionary computing provides a means towards creating such sets. As a case study, we consider Conway's Surreal numbers. They have…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Matthew Roughan

We present a novel approach for constructing discrete optimization benchmarks that enables fine-grained control over problem properties, and such benchmarks can facilitate analyzing discrete algorithm behaviors. We build benchmark problems…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Furong Ye , Frank Neumann , Thomas Bäck , Niki van Stein

Scientific understanding is a fundamental goal of science, allowing us to explain the world. There is currently no good way to measure the scientific understanding of agents, whether these be humans or Artificial Intelligence systems.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Kristian Gonzalez Barman , Sascha Caron , Tom Claassen , Henk de Regt

Peptide therapeutics are widely regarded as the "third generation" of drugs, yet progress in peptide Machine Learning (ML) are hindered by the absence of standardized benchmarks. Here we present PepBenchmark, which unifies datasets,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiahui Zhang , Rouyi Wang , Kuangqi Zhou , Tianshu Xiao , Lingyan Zhu , Yaosen Min , Yang Wang

Climate science studies the structure and dynamics of Earth's climate system and seeks to understand how climate changes over time, where the data is usually stored in the format of time series, recording the climate features, geolocation,…

Now we live in an era of big data, and big data applications are becoming more and more pervasive. How to benchmark data center computer systems running big data applications (in short big data systems) is a hot topic. In this paper, we…

Performance · Computer Science 2013-07-31 Zhen Jia , Runlin Zhou , Chunge Zhu , Lei Wang , Wanling Gao , Yingjie Shi , Jianfeng Zhan , Lixin Zhang

Big data benchmark suites must include a diversity of data and workloads to be useful in fairly evaluating big data systems and architectures. However, using truly comprehensive benchmarks poses great challenges for the architecture…

Performance · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Zhen Jia , Jianfeng Zhan , Lei Wang , Rui Han , Sally A. McKee , Qiang Yang , Chunjie Luo , Jingwei Li

With the increasing deployment of machine learning models in many socially sensitive tasks, there is a growing demand for reliable and trustworthy predictions. One way to accomplish these requirements is to allow a model to abstain from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Andrea Pugnana , Lorenzo Perini , Jesse Davis , Salvatore Ruggieri

Benchmarks are a cornerstone of modern machine learning, enabling reproducibility, comparison, and scientific progress. However, AI benchmarks are increasingly complex, requiring dynamic, AI-focused workflows. Rapid evolution in model…

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