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The two most common techniques for measuring planetary masses - the radial velocity (RV) and the transit timing variations (TTVs) techniques - have been observed to yield systematically different masses for planets of similar radii.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-19 Sean M. Mills , Tsevi Mazeh

The radial velocity (RV) technique is a powerful tool for detecting extrasolar planets and deriving mass detection limits that are useful for constraining planet pulsations and formation models. Detection limit methods must take into…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Nadège Meunier , Anne-Marie Lagrange , Katrien De Bondt

Precise radial velocity (RV) measurements are a crucial tool for exoplanet discovery and characterization. Today, the majority of these measurements are derived from Echelle spectra in the optical wavelength region using cross-correlation…

Stellar variability impacts radial velocities at various timescales and therefore the detectability of exoplanets and the mass determination based on this technique. It is necessary to implement systematic studies, to delineate the current…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-16 Nadège Meunier , Romain Pous , Sophia Sulis , David Mary , Anne-Marie Lagrange

Context. Radial velocity (RV) measurements induced by the presence of planets around late-type stars are contaminated by stellar signals that are of the order of a few meters per second in amplitude, even for the quietest stars. Those…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-04 K. Al Moulla , X. Dumusque , P. Figueira , G. Lo Curto , N. C. Santos , F. Wildi

We present a method of modeling the radial velocity (RV) measurements which can be useful in searching for planets hosted by chromospherically active stars. We assume that the observed RV signal is induced by the reflex motion of a star as…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Cezary Migaszewski , Grzegorz Nowak

To push the radial velocity (RV) exoplanet detection threshold, it is crucial to find more reliable radial velocity extraction methods. The Least-Squares Deconvolution (LSD) technique has been used to infer the stellar magnetic flux from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-29 F. Lienhard , A. Mortier , L. Buchhave , A. Collier Cameron , M. Lopez-Morales , A. Sozzetti , C. A. Watson , R. Cosentino

$Kepler$ revealed that roughly one-third of Sun-like stars host planets orbiting within 100 days and between the size of Earth and Neptune. How do these planets form, what are they made of, and do they represent a continuous population or…

CONTEXT: Spectroscopic analysis remains the most common method to derive masses of massive stars, the most fundamental stellar parameter. While binary orbits and stellar pulsations can provide much sharper constraints on the stellar mass,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-29 Andreas Sander , Tomer Shenar , Rainer Hainich , Angel Gímenez-García , Helge Todt , Wolf-Rainer Hamann

We recently presented a new statistical method to constrain the physics of star formation and feedback on the cloud scale by reconstructing the underlying evolutionary timeline. However, by itself this new method only recovers the relative…

Stellar activity induces apparent radial velocity (RV) variations in late-type main-sequence stars that may hamper the detection of low-mass planets and the measurement of their mass. We use simultaneous measurements of the active planet…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 A. F. Lanza , I. Boisse , F. Bouchy , A. S. Bonomo , C. Moutou

One of the main scientific drivers for ESPRESSO,\'Echelle SPectrograph, is the detection and characterization of Earth-class exoplanets. With this goal in mind, the ESPRESSO Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO) Catalog identifies the best…

(Abridged) Aims: Systematic surveys to search for exoplanets have been mostly dedicated to solar-type stars sofar. We developed in 2004 a method to extend such searches to earlier A-F type dwarfs and started spectroscopic surveys to search…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. -M. Lagrange , M. Desort , F. Galland , S. Udry , M. Mayor

Radial velocity (RV) follow-up is a critical complement of transiting exoplanet surveys like the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS ), both for validating discoveries of exoplanets and measuring their masses. Stellar activity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-02 Christopher Lam , Megan Bedell , Lily L. Zhao , Arvind F. Gupta , Sarah A. Ballard

Interstellar lines observed toward stellar targets change slowly over long timescales, mainly due to the proper motion of the background target relative to the intervening clouds. On longer timescales, the cloud's slowly changing physical…

Collecting time series data spatially distributed in many locations is often important for analyzing climate change and its impacts on ecosystems. However, comprehensive spatial data collection is not always feasible, requiring us to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Shihori Koyama , Daisuke Inoue , Hiroaki Yoshida , Kazuyuki Aihara , Gouhei Tanaka

Due to their short timescale, stellar flares are a challenging target for the most modern synoptic sky surveys. The upcoming Vera C. Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), a project designed to collect more data than any precursor…

Precision radial velocity (RV) measurements in the near-infrared are a powerful tool to detect and characterize exoplanets around low-mass stars or young stars with higher magnetic activity. However, the presence of strong telluric…