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NISQ devices have several physical limitations and unavoidable noisy quantum operations, and only small circuits can be executed on a quantum machine to get reliable results. This leads to the quantum hardware under-utilization issue. Here,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Siyuan Niu , Aida Todri-Sanial

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology for global academia, research centers and industries including computational science, mathematics, finance, pharmaceutical, materials science, chemistry and cryptography. Although it has seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chu Guo , Guojing Tian , Shi-Jie Wei , Xiaoming Sun , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Lu Long

Experiments with superconducting quantum processors have successfully demonstrated the basic functions needed for quantum computation and evidence of utility, albeit without a sizable array of error-corrected qubits. The realization of the…

Quantum computers represent a transformative frontier in computational technology, promising exponential speedups beyond classical computing limits. IBM Quantum has led significant advancements in both hardware and software, providing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 M. AbuGhanem

It has been 5 years since the Computing Community Consortium (CCC) Workshop on Next Steps in Quantum Computing, and significant progress has been made in closing the gap between useful quantum algorithms and quantum hardware. Yet much…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Kenneth Brown , Fred Chong , Kaitlin N. Smith , Tom Conte , Austin Adams , Aniket Dalvi , Christopher Kang , Josh Viszlai

Quantum computing is entering a period in which progress will be shaped as much by advances in computer science as by improvements in hardware. The central thesis of this report is that early fault-tolerant quantum computing shifts many of…

Cloud-accessible quantum processors enable direct execution of quantum algorithms on heterogeneous hardware platforms. Unlike classical systems, however, identical quantum circuits may exhibit substantially different behavior across devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Askar Oralkhan , Temirlan Zhaxalykov

Compilation and optimization of quantum circuits are critical components in the execution of algorithms on quantum computers. These components must successfully balance two competing priorities: minimizing the number of expensive resources,…

Rapid advancement in the domain of quantum technologies has opened up researchers to the real possibility of experimenting with quantum circuits and simulating small-scale quantum programs. Nevertheless, the quality of currently available…

Quantum computing is changing the way we think about computing. Significant strides in research and development for managing and harnessing the power of quantum systems has been made in recent years, demonstrating the potential for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Suryansh Upadhyay , Mahabubul Alam , Swaroop Ghosh

The effects of noise are one of the most important factors to consider when it comes to quantum computing in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing (NISQ) era that we are currently in. Therefore, it is important not only to gain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 T. Piskor , M. Schöndorf , M. Bauer , D. Smith , T. Ayral , S. Pogorzalek , A. Auer , M. Papič

The rapid pace of development in quantum computing technology has sparked a proliferation of benchmarks for assessing the performance of quantum computing hardware and software. Good benchmarks empower scientists, engineers, programmers,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Timothy Proctor , Kevin Young , Andrew D. Baczewski , Robin Blume-Kohout

The successful implementation of algorithms on quantum processors relies on the accurate control of quantum bits (qubits) to perform logic gate operations. In this era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing, systematic…

Quantum computers (QCs) are maturing. When QCs are powerful enough, they may be able to handle problems in chemistry, physics, and finance that are not classically solvable. However, the applicability of quantum algorithms to speed up…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Andriy Miranskyy , Mushahid Khan , Jean Paul Latyr Faye , Udson C. Mendes

Due to several physical limitations in the realisation of quantum hardware, today's quantum computers are qualified as Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware. NISQ hardware is characterized by a small number of qubits (50 to a few…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Siyuan Niu , Adrien Suau , Gabriel Staffelbach , Aida Todri-Sanial

Quantum computing promises to revolutionize various fields, yet the execution of quantum programs necessitates an effective compilation process. This involves strategically mapping quantum circuits onto the physical qubits of a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Tian Li , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chen Ding , Tian-Ci Tian , Wei-You Liao , Shuo Zhang , He-Liang Huang

Quantum Computing (QC) is undergoing a high rate of development, investment and research devoted to its improvement.However, there is little consensus in the industry and wider literature as to what improvement might consist of beyond…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Jessica Park , Susan Stepney , Irene D'Amico

Quantum computing (QC) is a new paradigm offering the potential of exponential speedups over classical computing for certain computational problems. Each additional qubit doubles the size of the computational state space available to a QC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-22 Wei Tang , Teague Tomesh , Martin Suchara , Jeffrey Larson , Margaret Martonosi

In theory, quantum computers can efficiently simulate quantum physics, factor large numbers and estimate integrals, thus solving otherwise intractable computational problems. In practice, quantum computers must operate with noisy devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Knill

Quantum algorithms offer an exponential speedup over classical algorithms for a range of computational problems. The fundamental mechanisms underlying quantum computation required the development and construction of quantum computers. These…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shane Sweeney , Krishnendu Guha