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Embodied planning requires agents to make coherent multi-step decisions based on dynamic visual observations and natural language goals. While recent vision-language models (VLMs) excel at static perception tasks, they struggle with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Di Wu , Jiaxin Fan , Junzhe Zang , Guanbo Wang , Wei Yin , Wenhao Li , Bo Jin

Replicating human-level intelligence in the execution of embodied tasks remains challenging due to the unconstrained nature of real-world environments. Novel use of large language models (LLMs) for task planning seeks to address the…

The realization of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) necessitates Embodied AI agents capable of robust spatial perception, effective task planning, and adaptive execution in physical environments. However, current large language models…

Humans can perceive and reason about spatial relationships from sequential visual observations, such as egocentric video streams. However, how pretrained models acquire such abilities, especially high-level reasoning, remains unclear. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Baining Zhao , Ziyou Wang , Jianjie Fang , Chen Gao , Fanhang Man , Jinqiang Cui , Xin Wang , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li , Wenwu Zhu

Future robotic systems operating in real-world environments will require on-board embodied intelligence without continuous cloud connection, balancing capabilities with constraints on computational power and memory. This work presents an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Liam Boyle , Nicolas Baumann , Paviththiren Sivasothilingam , Michele Magno , Luca Benini

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred numerous attempts to apply these technologies to embodied tasks, particularly focusing on high-level task planning and task decomposition. To further explore this area, we…

We show that large language models (LLMs) can be adapted to be generalizable policies for embodied visual tasks. Our approach, called Large LAnguage model Reinforcement Learning Policy (LLaRP), adapts a pre-trained frozen LLM to take as…

In embodied artificial intelligence, enabling heterogeneous robot teams to execute long-horizon tasks from high-level instructions remains a critical challenge. While large language models (LLMs) show promise in instruction parsing and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Haishan Zeng , Mengna Wang , Peng Li

This study focuses on using large language models (LLMs) as a planner for embodied agents that can follow natural language instructions to complete complex tasks in a visually-perceived environment. The high data cost and poor sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Chan Hee Song , Jiaman Wu , Clayton Washington , Brian M. Sadler , Wei-Lun Chao , Yu Su

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced vision-language reasoning and are increasingly deployed in embodied agents. However, significant limitations remain: MLLMs generalize poorly across digital-physical spaces and…

Large language model (LLM) based task plans and corresponding human demonstrations for embodied AI may be noisy, with unnecessary actions, redundant navigation, and logical errors that reduce policy quality. We propose an iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Ananth Hariharan , Vardhan Dongre , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the automatic generation of executable code for task planning and control in embodied agents such as robots, demonstrating the potential of LLM-based embodied intelligence.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Sanghyun Ahn , Wonje Choi , Junyong Lee , Jinwoo Park , Honguk Woo

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently shown great promise in advancing robotics by combining embodied reasoning with robot control. A common approach involves training on embodied reasoning tasks related to robot control using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Dongyoung Kim , Sumin Park , Huiwon Jang , Jinwoo Shin , Jaehyung Kim , Younggyo Seo

While large language models (LMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across numerous tasks, they often struggle with simple reasoning and planning in physical environments, such as understanding object permanence or planning household…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Jiannan Xiang , Tianhua Tao , Yi Gu , Tianmin Shu , Zirui Wang , Zichao Yang , Zhiting Hu

Embodied decision-making enables agents to translate high-level goals into executable actions through continuous interactions within the physical world, forming a cornerstone of general-purpose embodied intelligence. Large language models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Zixing Lei , Sheng Yin , Yichen Xiong , Yuanzhuo Ding , Wenhao Huang , Yuxi Wei , Qingyao Xu , Yiming Li , Weixin Li , Yunhong Wang , Siheng Chen

Recently, advanced large language models (LLMs) have emerged at an increasingly rapid pace. However, when faced with complex problems, most users are often unable to provide accurate and effective prompts to interact with LLMs, thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Wenjin Liu , Haoran Luo , Xueyuan Lin , Haoming Liu , Tiesunlong Shen , Jiapu Wang , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in the hierarchical decomposition of complex tasks through semantic reasoning. However, their application in embodied systems faces challenges in ensuring reliable execution of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingcong Lei , Ge Wang , Yiming Zhao , Zhixin Mai , Qing Zhao , Yao Guo , Zhen Li , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han , Jinke Ren

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong zero-shot reasoning capabilities, their deployment as embodied agents still faces fundamental challenges in long-horizon planning. Unlike open-ended text generation, embodied…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiang Li , Ning Yan , Masood Mortazavi

Large language models (LLMs) have undergone significant expansion and have been increasingly integrated across various domains. Notably, in the realm of robot task planning, LLMs harness their advanced reasoning and language comprehension…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as integral tools for reasoning, planning, and decision-making, drawing upon their extensive world knowledge and proficiency in language-related tasks. LLMs thus hold tremendous potential for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xudong Guo , Kaixuan Huang , Jiale Liu , Wenhui Fan , Natalia Vélez , Qingyun Wu , Huazheng Wang , Thomas L. Griffiths , Mengdi Wang
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