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The fraction of hydrogen ionizing photons escaping from galaxies into the intergalactic medium is a critical ingredient in the theory of reionization. We use two zoomed-in, high-resolution (4 pc), cosmological radiation hydrodynamic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Taysun Kimm , Renyue Cen

Recent data indicates that the cosmic UV emissivity decreased with decreasing redshift z near the end of reionization. Lacking evidence for very massive early stars, this could signal a decline with time in the mass-averaged escape fraction…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 A. Ferrara , A. Loeb

To reionize the early universe, high-energy photons must escape the galaxies that produce them. It has been suggested that stellar feedback drives galactic outflows out of star-forming regions, creating low density channels through which…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-09-13 J. Chisholm , I. Orlitová , D. Schaerer , A. Verhamme , G. Worseck , Y. I. Izotov , T. X. Thuan , N. G. Guseva

The escape of ionizing radiation from galaxies plays a critical role in the evolution of gas in galaxies, and the heating and ionization history of the intergalactic medium. We present semi-analytic calculations of the escape fraction of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Andrew Benson , Aparna Venkatesan , J. Michael Shull

We couple the DELPHI framework for galaxy formation with a model for the escape of ionizing photons to study both its variability with galaxy assembly and the resulting key reionization sources. In this model, leakage either occurs through…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-28 Jonas Bremer , Pratika Dayal

Current observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) suggest that star-forming galaxies produce enough ionizing (LyC; $\lambda < 91.2$ nm) photons to drive cosmic reionization, but the efficiency with which these photons escape…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-29 Cody Carr , Stephan McCandliss , Michelle Berg , Renyue Cen , Kevin France , Matthew Hayes , Alaina Henry , M. S. Oey , Alberto Saldana-Lopez

The history of the transition from a neutral intergalactic medium to one that is almost fully ionized can reveal the character of cosmological ionizing sources. In this talk I will discuss the implications for rival reionization scenarios…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Piero Madau

The fraction of ionizing photons (fesc) that escape from z>6 galaxies is an important parameter when assessing the role of these objects in the reionization of the Universe, but the opacity of the intergalactic medium precludes a direct…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 E. Zackrisson , A. K. Inoue , H. Jensen

We investigate the properties of the galaxies that reionized the Universe and the history of cosmic reionization using the "Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their environments" (EAGLE) cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-19 Mahavir Sharma , Tom Theuns , Carlos Frenk , Richard G. Bower , Robert A. Crain , Matthieu Schaller , Joop Schaye

The escape fraction, fesc, of ionizing photons from early galaxies is a crucial parameter for determining whether the observed galaxies at z > 6 are able to reionize the high-redshift intergalactic medium. Previous attempts to measure fesc…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-28 Elizabeth R. Fernandez , J. Michael Shull

The part played by stars in the ionization of the intergalactic medium remains an open question. A key issue is the proportion of the stellar ionizing radiation that escapes the galaxies in which it is produced. Spectroscopy of gamma-ray…

Cosmic (hydrogen) reionization marks one of the major phase transitions of the universe at redshift z >= 6. During this epoch, hydrogen atoms in the intergalactic medium (IGM) were ionized by Lyman continuum (LyC) photons. However, it…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-17 Linhua Jiang , Yuanhang Ning , Xiaohui Fan , Luis C. Ho , Bin Luo , Feige Wang , Jin Wu , Xue-Bing Wu , Jinyi Yang , Zhen-Ya Zheng

The fraction of ionizing photons that escape from young star-forming galaxies is one of the largest uncertainties in determining the role of galaxies in cosmic reionization. Yet traditional techniques for measuring this fraction are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Tucker Jones , Richard S. Ellis , Matthew A. Schenker , Daniel P. Stark

One of the most important parameters in characterizing the Epoch of Reionization, the escape fraction of ionizing photons, $f_\mathrm{esc}$, remains unconstrained both observationally and theoretically. With recent work highlighting the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-16 Jacob Seiler , Anne Hutter , Manodeep Sinha , Darren Croton

Reionization represents an important phase in the history of our Universe when ultraviolet radiation from the first luminous sources, primarily stars and accreting black holes, ionized the neutral hydrogen atoms in the intergalactic medium…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-18 Anirban Chakraborty , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

Around 400 million years after the Big Bang, the ultraviolet emission from star-forming galaxies reionized the Universe. Ionizing radiation (Lyman Continuum, LyC) is absorbed by cold neutral hydrogen gas (HI) within galaxies, hindering the…

The epoch of reionization (6 < z < 10) marks the period in our universe when the first large galaxies grew to fruition, and began to affect the universe around them. Massive stars, and potentially accreting supermassive black holes, filled…

Early star-forming galaxies produced copious ionizing photons. A fraction of these photons escaped gas within galaxies to reionize the entire Universe. This escape fraction is crucial for determining how the Universe became reionized, but…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-09-30 J. Chisholm , J. X. Prochaska , D. Schaerer , S. Gazagnes , A. Henry

The identification of sources driving cosmic reionization, a major phase transition from neutral Hydrogen to ionized plasma around 600-800 Myr after the Big Bang (Dayal et al. 2018, Mason et al. 2019, Robertson et al. 2022), has been a…