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The strong performance of large vision-language models (VLMs) trained with reinforcement learning (RL) has motivated similar approaches for fine-tuning vision-language-action (VLA) models in robotics. Many recent works fine-tune VLAs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Andrew Choi , Xinjie Wang , Zhizhong Su , Wei Xu

Robotic manipulation requires anticipating how the environment evolves in response to actions, yet most existing systems lack this predictive capability, often resulting in errors and inefficiency. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Songen Gu , Yunuo Cai , Tianyu Wang , Simo Wu , Yanwei Fu

The generalization of vision-language-action (VLA) models heavily relies on diverse training data. However, acquiring large-scale data for robot manipulation across varied object appearances is costly and labor-intensive. To address this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhehao Dong , Xiaofeng Wang , Zheng Zhu , Yirui Wang , Yang Wang , Yukun Zhou , Boyuan Wang , Chaojun Ni , Runqi Ouyang , Wenkang Qin , Xinze Chen , Yun Ye , Guan Huang , Zhen Lu , Yue Yang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models empower robots to understand and execute tasks described by natural language instructions. However, a key challenge lies in their ability to generalize beyond the specific environments and conditions they…

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have largely been propelled by scaling. In Robotics, scaling is hindered by the lack of access to massive robot datasets. We advocate using realistic physical simulation as a means to…

TalkWithMachines aims to enhance human-robot interaction by contributing to interpretable industrial robotic systems, especially for safety-critical applications. The presented paper investigates recent advancements in Large Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Ammar N. Abbas , Csaba Beleznai

Acquiring large-scale, high-fidelity robot demonstration data remains a critical bottleneck for scaling Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models in dexterous manipulation. We propose a Real-Sim-Real data collection and data editing pipeline that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiacheng Fan , Zhiyue Zhao , Yiqian Zhang , Chao Chen , Peide Wang , Hengdi Zhang , Zhengxue Cheng

Large real-world robot datasets hold great potential to train generalist robot models, but scaling real-world human data collection is time-consuming and resource-intensive. Simulation has great potential in supplementing large-scale data,…

Robotic manipulation policies are advancing rapidly, but their direct evaluation in the real world remains costly, time-consuming, and difficult to reproduce, particularly for tasks involving deformable objects. Simulation provides a…

Real-to-Sim-to-Real technique is gaining increasing interest for robotic manipulation, as it can generate scalable data in simulation while having narrower sim-to-real gap. However, previous methods mainly focused on environment-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yiming Wang , Ruogu Zhang , Minyang Li , Hao Shi , Junbo Wang , Deyi Li , Jieji Ren , Wenhai Liu , Weiming Wang , Hao-Shu Fang

Planning and acting in 3D environments is a fundamental capability for robotic manipulation in the real world. Although prior work has explored predictive flow planners to guide 3D manipulation, existing approaches often rely on modular…

Generalist robot manipulators need to learn a wide variety of manipulation skills across diverse environments. Current robot training pipelines rely on humans to provide kinesthetic demonstrations or to program simulation environments and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Pushkal Katara , Zhou Xian , Katerina Fragkiadaki

Training generalist policies for robotic manipulation has shown great promise, as they enable language-conditioned, multi-task behaviors across diverse scenarios. However, evaluating these policies remains difficult because real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Jinwei Gu , Qinsheng Zhang , Hanzi Mao , Ming-Yu Liu , Florian Shkurti , Lin Yen-Chen

World models allow autonomous agents to plan and explore by predicting the visual outcomes of different actions. However, for robot manipulation, it is challenging to accurately model the fine-grained robot-object interaction within the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Fangqi Zhu , Hongtao Wu , Song Guo , Yuxiao Liu , Chilam Cheang , Tao Kong

Robot learning of manipulation skills is hindered by the scarcity of diverse, unbiased datasets. While curated datasets can help, challenges remain in generalizability and real-world transfer. Meanwhile, large-scale "in-the-wild" video…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Chrisantus Eze , Christopher Crick

Utilizing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for robotic manipulation represents a novel paradigm, aiming to enhance the model's ability to generalize to new objects and instructions. However, due to variations in camera specifications and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Fanfan Liu , Feng Yan , Liming Zheng , Chengjian Feng , Yiyang Huang , Lin Ma

Advances in large vision-language models (VLMs) have stimulated growing interest in vision-language-action (VLA) systems for robot manipulation. However, existing manipulation datasets remain costly to curate, highly embodiment-specific,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Hao Li , Ziqin Wang , Zi-han Ding , Shuai Yang , Yilun Chen , Yang Tian , Xiaolin Hu , Tai Wang , Dahua Lin , Feng Zhao , Si Liu , Jiangmiao Pang

The development of general robotic systems capable of manipulating in unstructured environments is a significant challenge. While Vision-Language Models(VLM) excel in high-level commonsense reasoning, they lack the fine-grained 3D spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Mingjie Pan , Jiyao Zhang , Tianshu Wu , Yinghao Zhao , Wenlong Gao , Hao Dong

Robotic Foundation Models (RFMs) hold great promise as generalist, end-to-end systems for robot control. Yet their ability to generalize across new environments, tasks, and embodiments remains limited. We argue that a major bottleneck lies…

Defining reward functions for skill learning has been a long-standing challenge in robotics. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in defining reward signals for teaching robots manipulation skills. However, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kaifeng Zhang , Zhao-Heng Yin , Weirui Ye , Yang Gao