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Word embeddings are a fixed, distributional representation of the context of words in a corpus learned from word co-occurrences. Despite their proven utility in machine learning tasks, word embedding models may capture uneven semantic and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-07 James Powell , Kari Sentz , Martin Klein

Connecting Vision and Language plays an essential role in Generative Intelligence. For this reason, large research efforts have been devoted to image captioning, i.e. describing images with syntactically and semantically meaningful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Matteo Stefanini , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Silvia Cascianelli , Giuseppe Fiameni , Rita Cucchiara

Machine learning models have been shown to inherit biases from their training datasets. This can be particularly problematic for vision-language foundation models trained on uncurated datasets scraped from the internet. The biases can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Ching-Yao Chuang , Varun Jampani , Yuanzhen Li , Antonio Torralba , Stefanie Jegelka

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) makes object recognition in images possible in absence of visual training data for a part of the classes from a dataset. When the number of classes is large, classes are usually represented by semantic class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Yannick Le Cacheux , Adrian Popescu , Hervé Le Borgne

Embeddings play an important role in end-to-end solutions for multi-modal language processing problems. Although there has been some effort to understand the properties of single-modality embedding spaces, particularly that of text, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Muhammad Huzaifah , Ivan Kukanov

Current approaches to learning semantic representations of sentences often use prior word-level knowledge. The current study aims to leverage visual information in order to capture sentence level semantics without the need for word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Danny Merkx , Stefan Frank

Localizing natural language phrases in images is a challenging problem that requires joint understanding of both the textual and visual modalities. In the unsupervised setting, lack of supervisory signals exacerbate this difficulty. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Syed Ashar Javed , Shreyas Saxena , Vineet Gandhi

Recent deep generative models are able to provide photo-realistic images as well as visual or textual content embeddings useful to address various tasks of computer vision and natural language processing. Their usefulness is nevertheless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Antoine Plumerault , Hervé Le Borgne , Céline Hudelot

Achieving precise alignment between user intent and generated visuals remains a central challenge in text-to-visual generation, as a single attempt often fails to produce the desired output. To handle this, prior approaches mainly scale the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Subin Kim , Sangwoo Mo , Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Yiran Xu , Difan Liu , Jinwoo Shin , Tobias Hinz

Metric learning is a fundamental problem in computer vision whereby a model is trained to learn a semantically useful embedding space via ranking losses. Traditionally, the effectiveness of a ranking loss depends on the minibatch size, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan , Matt Ma , Anton van den Hengel , Stephen Gould

Partially Relevant Video Retrieval (PRVR) seeks videos where only part of the content matches a text query. Existing methods treat every annotated text-video pair as a positive and all others as negatives, ignoring the rich semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 WonJun Moon , MinSeok Jung , Gilhan Park , Tae-Young Kim , Cheol-Ho Cho , Woojin Jun , Jae-Pil Heo

Assessing the degree of semantic relatedness between words is an important task with a variety of semantic applications, such as ontology learning for the Semantic Web, semantic search or query expansion. To accomplish this in an automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Thomas Niebler , Martin Becker , Christian Pölitz , Andreas Hotho

Despite recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) models, they often fail to faithfully render all elements of complex prompts, frequently omitting or misrepresenting specific objects and attributes. Test-time optimization has emerged as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mohammad Hossein Sameti , Amir M. Mansourian , Arash Marioriyad , Soheil Fadaee Oshyani , Mohammad Hossein Rohban , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

Language-vision models like CLIP have made significant strides in vision tasks, such as zero-shot image classification (ZSIC). However, generating specific and expressive visual descriptions remains challenging; descriptions produced by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Michael Ogezi , Bradley Hauer , Grzegorz Kondrak

Generative image models, since introduction, have become a global phenomenon. From new arts becoming possible to new vectors of abuse, many new capabilities have become available. One of the challenging issues with generative models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Ali Zand , Milad Nasr

Although foundational vision-language models (VLMs) have proven to be very successful for various semantic discrimination tasks, they still struggle to perform faithfully for fine-grained categorization. Moreover, foundational models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Soumitri Chattopadhyay , Sanket Biswas , Emanuele Vivoli , Josep Lladós

An effective framework for learning 3D representations for perception tasks is distilling rich self-supervised image features via contrastive learning. However, image-to point representation learning for autonomous driving datasets faces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Anas Mahmoud , Jordan S. K. Hu , Tianshu Kuai , Ali Harakeh , Liam Paull , Steven L. Waslander

We tackle the common challenge of inter-concept visual confusion in compositional concept generation using text-guided diffusion models (TGDMs). It becomes even more pronounced in the generation of customized concepts, due to the scarcity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Wang Lin , Jingyuan Chen , Jiaxin Shi , Yichen Zhu , Chen Liang , Junzhong Miao , Tao Jin , Zhou Zhao , Fei Wu , Shuicheng Yan , Hanwang Zhang

Recent advances in text-to-image models have enabled high-quality personalized image synthesis of user-provided concepts with flexible textual control. In this work, we analyze the limitations of two primary techniques in text-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Lianyu Pang , Jian Yin , Baoquan Zhao , Feize Wu , Fu Lee Wang , Qing Li , Xudong Mao

Recent advances on prompt-tuning cast few-shot classification tasks as a masked language modeling problem. By wrapping input into a template and using a verbalizer which constructs a mapping between label space and label word space,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Yinyi Wei , Tong Mo , Yongtao Jiang , Weiping Li , Wen Zhao