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Normalization layers have been shown to improve convergence in deep neural networks, and even add useful inductive biases. In many vision applications the local spatial context of the features is important, but most common normalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Anthony Ortiz , Caleb Robinson , Dan Morris , Olac Fuentes , Christopher Kiekintveld , Md Mahmudulla Hassan , Nebojsa Jojic

The normal distribution plays a central role in information theory - it is at the same time the best-case signal and worst-case noise distribution, has the greatest representational capacity of any distribution, and offers an equivalence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Daniel Eftekhari , Vardan Papyan

Deep Learning (DL) models can be used to tackle time series analysis tasks with great success. However, the performance of DL models can degenerate rapidly if the data are not appropriately normalized. This issue is even more apparent when…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-09-24 Nikolaos Passalis , Anastasios Tefas , Juho Kanniainen , Moncef Gabbouj , Alexandros Iosifidis

Until recently, human behavioral data from reading has mainly been of interest to researchers to understand human cognition. However, these human language processing signals can also be beneficial in machine learning-based natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Nora Hollenstein , Cedric Renggli , Benjamin Glaus , Maria Barrett , Marius Troendle , Nicolas Langer , Ce Zhang

The inter/intra-subject variability of electroencephalography (EEG) makes the practical use of the brain-computer interface (BCI) difficult. In general, the BCI system requires a calibration procedure to acquire subject/session-specific…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Dong-Kyun Han , Ji-Hoon Jeong

Accurate automated analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) would largely help clinicians effectively monitor and diagnose patients with various brain diseases. Compared to supervised learning with labelled disease EEG data which can train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Yaojia Zheng , Zhouwu Liu , Rong Mo , Ziyi Chen , Wei-shi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

Batch Normalization (BN) improves both convergence and generalization in training neural networks. This work understands these phenomena theoretically. We analyze BN by using a basic block of neural networks, consisting of a kernel layer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Ping Luo , Xinjiang Wang , Wenqi Shao , Zhanglin Peng

In this work, we delve into the EEG classification task in the domain of visual brain decoding via two frameworks, involving two different learning paradigms. Considering the spatio-temporal nature of EEG data, one of our frameworks is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Akanksha Sharma , Jyoti Nigam , Abhishek Rathore , Arnav Bhavsar

Recent studies have shown that the underlying neural mechanisms of human speech comprehension can be analyzed using a match-mismatch classification of the speech stimulus and the neural response. However, such studies have been conducted…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-04 Akshara Soman , Vidhi Sinha , Sriram Ganapathy

The use of deep neural networks in electromyogram (EMG) based prostheses control provides a promising alternative to the hand-crafted features by automatically learning muscle activation patterns from the EMG signals. Meanwhile, the use of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Frank Kulwa , Oluwarotimi Williams Samuel , Mojisola Grace Asogbon , Olumide Olayinka Obe , Guanglin Li

In recent years, supervised approaches using deep neural networks (DNNs) have become the mainstream for speech enhancement. It has been established that DNNs generalize well to untrained noises and speakers if trained using a large number…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Ashutosh Pandey , DeLiang Wang

Recent results suggest that reinitializing a subset of the parameters of a neural network during training can improve generalization, particularly for small training sets. We study the impact of different reinitialization methods in several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin , Hartmut Maennel , Daniel Keysers

Recently normalizing flows have been gaining traction in text-to-speech (TTS) and voice conversion (VC) due to their state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance. Normalizing flows are unsupervised generative models. In this paper, we introduce…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jakub Mosiński , Piotr Biliński , Thomas Merritt , Abdelhamid Ezzerg , Daniel Korzekwa

Motor imagery EEG classification plays a crucial role in non-invasive Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) research. However, the classification is affected by the non-stationarity and individual variations of EEG signals. Simply pooling EEG data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-10 Xiao-Cong Zhong , Qisong Wang , Dan Liu , Zhihuang Chen , Jing-Xiao Liao , Jinwei Sun , Yudong Zhang , Feng-Lei Fan

Electrocardiogram (ECG) delineation, the segmentation of meaningful waveform features, is critical for clinical diagnosis. Despite recent advances using deep learning, progress has been limited by the scarcity of publicly available…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Minje Park , Jeonghwa Lim , Taehyung Yu , Sunghoon Joo

Training a deep neural network (DNN) requires substantial computational and memory requirements. It is common to use multiple devices to train a DNN to reduce the overall training time. There are several choices to parallelize each layer in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Venmugil Elango

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is a recently proposed gradient-based optimizer (Foret et al., ICLR 2021) that greatly improves the prediction performance of deep neural networks. Consequently, there has been a surge of interest in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yan Dai , Kwangjun Ahn , Suvrit Sra

Machine learning (ML) methods have the potential to automate clinical EEG analysis. They can be categorized into feature-based (with handcrafted features), and end-to-end approaches (with learned features). Previous studies on EEG pathology…

Dataset scaling, also known as normalization, is an essential preprocessing step in a machine learning pipeline. It is aimed at adjusting attributes scales in a way that they all vary within the same range. This transformation is known to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Lucas B. V. de Amorim , George D. C. Cavalcanti , Rafael M. O. Cruz

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a significant role in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) domain, due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, and ease of use, making it a highly desirable option for widespread adoption by the general…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-13 Giulio Tosato , Cesare M. Dalbagno , Francesco Fumagalli