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Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) tune wireless environments to increase spectrum and energy efficiencies. In view of much recent attention to the IRS concept as a promising technology for 6G wireless communications, we present a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 Jun Zhao

The sixth generation of wireless networks defined several key performance indicators (KPIs) for assessing its networks, mainly in terms of reliability, coverage, and sensing. In this regard, remarkable attention has been paid recently to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Waqas Aman , El-Mehdi Illi , Marwa Qaraqe , Saif Al-Kuwari

This letter attempts to design a surveillance scheme by adopting an active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Different from the conventional passive RIS, the active RIS could not only adjust the phase shift but also amplify the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Xinyue Hu , Yibo Yi , Kun Li , Hongwei Zhang , Caihong Kai

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) constitute the enabler for programmable propagation of electromagnetic signals, and are lately being considered as a candidate physical-layer technology for the demanding connectivity, reliability,…

Liquid crystal (LC) technology provides a low-power and scalable approach to implement a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). However, the LC-based RIS's phase-shift response is inherently frequency-dependent, which can lead to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Mohamadreza Delbari , Qikai Zhou , Robin Neuder , Alejandro Jiménez-Sáez , Vahid Jamali

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology offers significant promise in enhancing wireless communication systems, but its dual-use potential also introduces substantial security risks. This survey explores the security…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Hetong Wang , Tiejun Lv , Yashuai Cao , Weicai Li , Jie Zeng , Pingmu Huang , Muhammad Khurram Khan

Wireless communications empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent (meta)Surfaces (RISs) are recently gaining remarkable research attention due to the increased system design flexibility offered by RISs for diverse functionalities. In this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-03 George C. Alexandropoulos , Konstantinos Katsanos , Miaowen Wen , Daniel B. da Costa

In recent years, a brand-new technology, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been widely studied for reconfiguring the wireless propagation environment. RIS is an artificial surface of electromagnetic material that is capable of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Rujing Xiong , Xuehui Dong , Tiebin Mi , Robert caiming Qiu

The design and optimization of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are key challenges for future wireless communication systems. RISs are devices that can manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves in a programmable way, thus enhancing…

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communications is one of the promising candidates for next generation wireless networks by controlling the propagation environment dynamically. In this study, a channel modeling strategy for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Fatih Kilinc , Ibrahim Yildirim , Ertugrul Basar

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have the ability to alter the wireless environment by making changes in the impinging signal. While RIS has been extensively studied for enhancing wireless communications, its potential for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Vahid Shahiri , Guyue Li , Hamid Behroozi

A novel Physical Layer Security (PLS) framework is conceived for enhancing the security of the wireless communication systems by exploiting multi-domain polarization in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. We design a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Luping Xiang , Yao Zeng , Jie Hu , Kun Yang , Lajos Hanzo

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces enable active control of wireless propagation channels, which is crucial for future 5G and 6G networks. This work presents a scalable RIS design operating at 3.6 GHz with both 1 bit and 3 bit phase…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Markus Heinrichs , Aydin Sezgin , Rainer Kronberger

To enhance coverage and signal quality in millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a game-changing solution to manipulate the wireless environment. Traditional semiconductor-based RISs…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Le Hao , Robin Neuder , Mohamadreza Delbari , Alejandro Jiménez-Sáez , Vahid Jamali , Arash Asadi , Andrea Ortiz

Federated learning (FL), as a disruptive machine learning paradigm, enables the collaborative training of a global model over decentralized local datasets without sharing them. It spans a wide scope of applications from Internet-of-Things…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-01 Yuhan Yang , Yong Zhou , Youlong Wu , Yuanming Shi

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technology that is anticipated to enable high spectrum and energy efficiencies in future wireless communication networks. This paper investigates optimum location-based RIS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Yuting Fang , Saman Atapattu , Hazer Inaltekin , Jamie Evans

Liquid crystal (LC) is a promising hardware solution for implementing large RISs, as it is cost-effective, energy efficient, scalable, and capable of providing continuous phase shifts with low power consumption. However, the phase shift…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-22 Mohamadreza Delbari , Robin Neuder , Alejandro Jiménez-Sáez , Qikai Zhou , Vahid Jamali

Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices are often used to transmit physical sensor data over digital wireless channels. Traditional Physical Layer Security (PLS)-based cryptography approaches rely on accurate channel estimation and information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Liang Wang , Zhuangkun Wei , Weisi Guo

Light fidelity (LiFi), which is based on visible light communications (VLC), is celebrated as a cutting-edge technological paradigm that is envisioned to be an indispensable part of 6G systems. Nonetheless, LiFi performance is subject to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Hanaa Abumarshoud , Lina Mohjazi , Octavia A. Dobre , Marco Di Renzo , Muhammad Ali Imran , Harald Haas

Ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) is one category of service to be provided by next-generation wireless networks. Motivated by increasing security concerns in such networks, this article focuses on physical layer security…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Riqing Chen , Chunhui Li , Shihao Yan , Robert Malaney , Jinhong Yuan