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Large language models (LLMs) have been proposed as alternatives to human experts for estimating unknown quantities with associated uncertainty, a process known as Bayesian elicitation. We test this by asking eleven LLMs to estimate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Luka Hobor , Mario Brcic , Mihael Kovac , Kristijan Poje

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the performance of seven different Large Language Models (LLMs) in solving a diverse set of math advanced calculus problems. The study aims to evaluate these models' accuracy, reliability, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 In Hak Moon

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as evaluators of text quality, yet the validity of their judgments remains underexplored. This study investigates systematic bias in self- and cross-model evaluations across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Muskan Saraf , Sajjad Rezvani Boroujeni , Justin Beaudry , Hossein Abedi , Tom Bush

Automated sentiment analysis using Large Language Model (LLM)-based models like ChatGPT, Gemini or LLaMA2 is becoming widespread, both in academic research and in industrial applications. However, assessment and validation of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Alessio Buscemi , Daniele Proverbio

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across various domains. However, for clinical diagnosis, higher expectations are required for LLM's reliability and sensitivity: thinking like physicians and remaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Chenwei Yan , Xiangling Fu , Yuxuan Xiong , Tianyi Wang , Siu Cheung Hui , Ji Wu , Xien Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in healthcare workflows for documentation, education, and clinical decision support. However, these systems are trained on large text corpora that encode existing biases, including sex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Isabel Tsintsiper , Sheng Wong , Beth Albert , Shaun P Brennecke , Gabriel Davis Jones

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promise in medical knowledge assessments, yet their practical utility in real-world clinical decision-making remains underexplored. In this study, we evaluated the performance of three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mengdi Chai , Ali R. Zomorrodi

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Gemini, LlaMa, and Claude are trained on massive quantities of text parsed from the internet and have shown a remarkable ability to respond to complex prompts in a manner often indistinguishable…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-01 Darui Lu , Yang Deng , Jordan M. Malof , Willie J. Padilla

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly mediate emotionally sensitive conversations, especially in mental health contexts, their ability to recognize and respond to high-risk situations becomes a matter of public safety. This study…

Introduction: Large language models (LLMs) can process requests and generate texts, but their feasibility for assessing complex academic content needs further investigation. To explore LLM's potential in assisting scientific review, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yinuo Liu , Emre Sezgin , Eric A. Youngstrom

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in educational, clinical, and professional settings, but their tendency for sycophancy -- prioritizing user agreement over independent reasoning -- poses risks to reliability. This study…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Aaron Fanous , Jacob Goldberg , Ank A. Agarwal , Joanna Lin , Anson Zhou , Roxana Daneshjou , Sanmi Koyejo

Effective physician-patient communications in pre-diagnostic environments, and most specifically in complex and sensitive medical areas such as infertility, are critical but consume a lot of time and, therefore, cause clinic workflows to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Dou Liu , Ying Long , Sophia Zuoqiu , Tian Tang , Rong Yin

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can amplify online misinformation, they also show promise in tackling misinformation. In this paper, we empirically study the capabilities of three LLMs -- ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude -- in countering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Adiba Mahbub Proma , Neeley Pate , James Druckman , Gourab Ghoshal , Hangfeng He , Ehsan Hoque

Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining traction in healthcare for their potential to automate patient interactions and aid clinical decision-making. This study examines the reliability of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ayesha Siddika Nipu , K M Sajjadul Islam , Praveen Madiraju

Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have demonstrated amazing capabilities in comprehending user intents and generate reasonable and useful responses. Beside their ability to chat, their capabilities in various natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Liz Li , Wei Zhu

This study consists of qualitative empirical research, conducted through exploratory tests with two different Large Language Models (LLMs) chatbots: ChatGPT and Gemini. The methodological procedure involved exploratory tests based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Melise Peruchini , Julio Monteiro Teixeira

The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) for code generation in data science offers substantial potential for enhancing tasks such as data manipulation, statistical analysis, and visualization. However, the effectiveness of these models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Nathalia Nascimento , Everton Guimaraes , Sai Sanjna Chintakunta , Santhosh Anitha Boominathan

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit probabilistic output characteristics, yet conventional evaluation frameworks rely on deterministic scalar metrics. This study introduces a Bayesian approach for LLM capability assessment that integrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xiao Xiao , Yu Su , Sijing Zhang , Zhang Chen , Yadong Chen , Tian Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in biomedical domains, yet their reliability in drug-safety prediction remains underexplored. In this work, we investigate whether LLMs incorporate socio-demographic information into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Siying Liu , Shisheng Zhang , Indu Bala

Large language models (LLMs) have made rapid improvement on medical benchmarks, but their unreliability remains a persistent challenge for safe real-world uses. To design for the use LLMs as a category, rather than for specific models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Andrew M. Bean , Karolina Korgul , Felix Krones , Robert McCraith , Adam Mahdi
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