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The performance of Neural Network (NN)-based language models is steadily improving due to the emergence of new architectures, which are able to learn different natural language characteristics. This paper presents a novel framework, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Youssef Oualil , Dietrich Klakow

Data augmentation is a necessity to enhance data efficiency in deep learning. For vision-language pre-training, data is only augmented either for images or for text in previous works. In this paper, we present MixGen: a joint data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Xiaoshuai Hao , Yi Zhu , Srikar Appalaraju , Aston Zhang , Wanqian Zhang , Bo Li , Mu Li

Object counting is a foundational vision task with over a decade of dedicated research, yet state-of-the-art models still fail systematically in the mixed-object setting that dominates real-world applications such as industrial inspection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Corentin Dumery , Niki Amini-Naieni , Shervin Naini , Pascal Fua

The data used to pretrain large language models has a decisive impact on a model's downstream performance, which has led to a large body of work on data selection methods that aim to automatically determine the most suitable data to use for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Alon Albalak , Liangming Pan , Colin Raffel , William Yang Wang

High-quality preference data is essential for aligning foundation models with human values through preference learning. However, manual annotation of such data is often time-consuming and costly. Recent methods often adopt a self-rewarding…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains, with data playing a central role in enabling these advances. Despite this success, the preparation and effective utilization of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hao Liang , Zhengyang Zhao , Zhaoyang Han , Meiyi Qiang , Xiaochen Ma , Bohan Zeng , Qifeng Cai , Zhiyu Li , Linpeng Tang , Weinan E , Wentao Zhang

Data augmentation is a common practice to help generalization in the procedure of deep model training. In the context of physiological time series classification, previous research has primarily focused on label-invariant data augmentation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Peikun Guo , Huiyuan Yang , Akane Sano

Large language models leverage both parametric knowledge acquired during pretraining and in-context knowledge provided at inference time. Crucially, when these sources conflict, models arbitrate based on their internal confidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Minsung Kim , Dong-Kyum Kim , Jea Kwon , Nakyeong Yang , Kyomin Jung , Meeyoung Cha

Natural language inference (NLI) aims at predicting the relationship between a given pair of premise and hypothesis. However, several works have found that there widely exists a bias pattern called annotation artifacts in NLI datasets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Guanhua Zhang , Bing Bai , Junqi Zhang , Kun Bai , Conghui Zhu , Tiejun Zhao

In the Mixup training paradigm, a model is trained using convex combinations of data points and their associated labels. Despite seeing very few true data points during training, models trained using Mixup seem to still minimize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Muthu Chidambaram , Xiang Wang , Yuzheng Hu , Chenwei Wu , Rong Ge

Data augmentation has emerged as a powerful technique for improving the performance of deep neural networks and led to state-of-the-art results in computer vision. However, state-of-the-art data augmentation strongly distorts training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Amil Merchant , Barret Zoph , Ekin Dogus Cubuk

Identifying arguments is a necessary prerequisite for various tasks in automated discourse analysis, particularly within contexts such as political debates, online discussions, and scientific reasoning. In addition to theoretical advances…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Marc Feger , Katarina Boland , Stefan Dietze

Large language models are trained on massive scrapes of the web, as required by current scaling laws. Most progress is made for English, given its abundance of high-quality pretraining data. For most other languages, however, such high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Skyler Seto , Maartje ter Hoeve , Richard He Bai , Natalie Schluter , David Grangier

Benchmarks are central to measuring the capabilities of large language models and guiding model development, yet widespread data leakage from pretraining corpora undermines their validity. Models can match memorized content rather than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Qin Liu , Jacob Dineen , Yuxi Huang , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Ben Zhou , Muhao Chen

MixUp is a computer vision data augmentation technique that uses convex interpolations of input data and their labels to enhance model generalization during training. However, the application of MixUp to the natural language understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Wancong Zhang , Ieshan Vaidya

Alignment training has tradeoffs: it helps language models (LMs) gain in reasoning and instruction following but might lose out on skills such as creativity and calibration, where unaligned base models are better at. We aim to make the best…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shangbin Feng , Wenhao Yu , Yike Wang , Hongming Zhang , Yulia Tsvetkov , Dong Yu

Data augmentation has become a standard component of vision pre-trained models to capture the invariance between augmented views. In practice, augmentation techniques that mask regions of a sample with zero/mean values or patches from other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Shentong Mo , Zhun Sun , Chao Li

Training Large Language Models (LLMs) incurs significant cost; hence, any strategy that accelerates model convergence is helpful. In this paper, we investigate the ability of a simple idea checkpoint averaging along the trajectory of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Sunny Sanyal , Atula Neerkaje , Jean Kaddour , Abhishek Kumar , Sujay Sanghavi

Meta-Learning has emerged as a research direction to better transfer knowledge from related tasks to unseen but related tasks. However, Meta-Learning requires many training tasks to learn representations that transfer well to unseen tasks;…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Surya Kant Sahu

Mixup~\cite{zhang2017mixup} is a recently proposed method for training deep neural networks where additional samples are generated during training by convexly combining random pairs of images and their associated labels. While simple to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-08 Sunil Thulasidasan , Gopinath Chennupati , Jeff Bilmes , Tanmoy Bhattacharya , Sarah Michalak