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Video question answering (VQA) is a multimodal task that requires the interpretation of a video to answer a given question. Existing VQA methods primarily utilize question and answer (Q&A) pairs to learn the spatio-temporal characteristics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Ju-Young Oh , Ho-Joong Kim , Seong-Whan Lee

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) demands models that jointly reason over spatial, temporal, and linguistic cues. However, the task's inherent complexity often requires multi-step reasoning that current large multimodal models (LMMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jason Nguyen , Ameet Rao , Alexander Chang , Ishaan Kumar , Erin Tan

Despite the impressive performance of vision-language models (VLMs) on downstream tasks, their ability to understand and reason about causal relationships in visual inputs remains unclear. Robust causal reasoning is fundamental to solving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zhaotian Weng , Haoxuan Li , Xin Eric Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Jieyu Zhao

Is basic visual understanding really solved in state-of-the-art VLMs? We present VisualOverload, a slightly different visual question answering (VQA) benchmark comprising 2,720 question-answer pairs, with privately held ground-truth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Paul Gavrikov , Wei Lin , M. Jehanzeb Mirza , Soumya Jahagirdar , Muhammad Huzaifa , Sivan Doveh , Serena Yeung-Levy , James Glass , Hilde Kuehne

Video question grounding (VideoQG) requires models to answer the questions and simultaneously infer the relevant video segments to support the answers. However, existing VideoQG methods usually suffer from spurious cross-modal correlations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Weixing Chen , Yang Liu , Binglin Chen , Jiandong Su , Yongsen Zheng , Liang Lin

The ideal form of Visual Question Answering requires understanding, grounding and reasoning in the joint space of vision and language and serves as a proxy for the AI task of scene understanding. However, most existing VQA benchmarks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Kang Chen , Xiangqian Wu

The "Reason-Then-Respond" paradigm, enhanced by Reinforcement Learning, has shown great promise in advancing Multimodal Large Language Models. However, its application to the video domain has led to specialized models that excel at either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Xinlong Chen , Yuanxing Zhang , Yushuo Guan , Weihong Lin , Zekun Wang , Bohan Zeng , Yang Shi , Sihan Yang , Qiang Liu , Pengfei Wan , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a unique challenge as it requires the ability to understand and encode the multi-modal inputs - in terms of image processing and natural language processing. The algorithm further needs to learn how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Supriya Pandhre , Shagun Sodhani

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is an important task in multimodal AI, and it is often used to test the ability of vision-language models to understand and reason on knowledge present in both visual and textual data. However, most of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 David Romero , Chenyang Lyu , Haryo Akbarianto Wibowo , Teresa Lynn , Injy Hamed , Aditya Nanda Kishore , Aishik Mandal , Alina Dragonetti , Artem Abzaliev , Atnafu Lambebo Tonja , Bontu Fufa Balcha , Chenxi Whitehouse , Christian Salamea , Dan John Velasco , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , David Le Meur , Emilio Villa-Cueva , Fajri Koto , Fauzan Farooqui , Frederico Belcavello , Ganzorig Batnasan , Gisela Vallejo , Grainne Caulfield , Guido Ivetta , Haiyue Song , Henok Biadglign Ademtew , Hernán Maina , Holy Lovenia , Israel Abebe Azime , Jan Christian Blaise Cruz , Jay Gala , Jiahui Geng , Jesus-German Ortiz-Barajas , Jinheon Baek , Jocelyn Dunstan , Laura Alonso Alemany , Kumaranage Ravindu Yasas Nagasinghe , Luciana Benotti , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Marcelo Viridiano , Marcos Estecha-Garitagoitia , Maria Camila Buitrago Cabrera , Mario Rodríguez-Cantelar , Mélanie Jouitteau , Mihail Mihaylov , Mohamed Fazli Mohamed Imam , Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda , Munkhjargal Gochoo , Munkh-Erdene Otgonbold , Naome Etori , Olivier Niyomugisha , Paula Mónica Silva , Pranjal Chitale , Raj Dabre , Rendi Chevi , Ruochen Zhang , Ryandito Diandaru , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Santiago Góngora , Soyeong Jeong , Sukannya Purkayastha , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Teresa Clifford , Thanmay Jayakumar , Tiago Timponi Torrent , Toqeer Ehsan , Vladimir Araujo , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Zara Burzo , Zheng Wei Lim , Zheng Xin Yong , Oana Ignat , Joan Nwatu , Rada Mihalcea , Thamar Solorio , Alham Fikri Aji

Existing methods for video question answering (VideoQA) often suffer from spurious correlations between different modalities, leading to a failure in identifying the dominant visual evidence and the intended question. Moreover, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yushen Wei , Yang Liu , Hong Yan , Guanbin Li , Liang Lin

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a novel problem domain where multi-modal inputs must be processed in order to solve the task given in the form of a natural language. As the solutions inherently require to combine visual and natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Mikyas T. Desta , Larry Chen , Tomasz Kornuta

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is the task of answering the natural language questions about a video. Producing an answer requires understanding the interplay across visual scenes in video and linguistic semantics in question. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Yicong Li , Xiang Wang , Junbin Xiao , Tat-Seng Chua

Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering (KVQA) requires external knowledge beyond the visible content to answer questions about an image. This ability is challenging but indispensable to achieve general VQA. One limitation of existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Jing Yu , Zihao Zhu , Yujing Wang , Weifeng Zhang , Yue Hu , Jianlong Tan

Explanation and high-order reasoning capabilities are crucial for real-world visual question answering with diverse levels of inference complexity (e.g., what is the dog that is near the girl playing with?) and important for users to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Qingxing Cao , Bailin Li , Xiaodan Liang , Liang Lin

Visual question answering (VQA) has been gaining a lot of traction in the machine learning community in the recent years due to the challenges posed in understanding information coming from multiple modalities (i.e., images, language). In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Muralikrishnna G. Sethuraman , Ali Payani , Faramarz Fekri , J. Clayton Kerce

While vision-language models (VLMs) excel at tasks involving single images or short videos, they still struggle with Long Video Question Answering (LVQA) due to its demand for complex multi-step temporal reasoning. Vanilla approaches, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sahil Shah , S P Sharan , Harsh Goel , Minkyu Choi , Mustafa Munir , Manvik Pasula , Radu Marculescu , Sandeep Chinchali

Existing benchmarks for assessing the spatio-temporal understanding and reasoning abilities of video language models are susceptible to score inflation due to the presence of shortcut solutions based on superficial visual or textual cues.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Benno Krojer , Mojtaba Komeili , Candace Ross , Quentin Garrido , Koustuv Sinha , Nicolas Ballas , Mahmoud Assran

Video Question Answering is a challenging task, which requires the model to reason over multiple frames and understand the interaction between different objects to answer questions based on the context provided within the video, especially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Bhanu Prakash Reddy Guda , Tanmay Kulkarni , Adithya Sampath , Swarnashree Mysore Sathyendra

Visual Commonsense Reasoning (VCR), deemed as one challenging extension of the Visual Question Answering (VQA), endeavors to pursue a more high-level visual comprehension. It is composed of two indispensable processes: question answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Zhenyang Li , Yangyang Guo , Kejie Wang , Yinwei Wei , Liqiang Nie , Mohan Kankanhalli

Video-based numerical reasoning provides a premier arena for testing whether Vision-Language Models (VLMs) truly "understand" real-world dynamics, as accurate numerical deduction necessitates a profound grasp of temporal events, object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Shaoyang Cui , Lingbei Meng