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Single-channel speech enhancement is utilized in various tasks to mitigate the effect of interfering signals. Conventionally, to ensure the speech enhancement performs optimally, the speech enhancement has needed to be tuned for each task.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Hiroshi Sato , Tsubasa Ochiai , Marc Delcroix , Takafumi Moriya , Takanori Ashihara , Ryo Masumura

Most state-of-the-art Deep Learning systems for speaker verification are based on speaker embedding extractors. These architectures are commonly composed of a feature extractor front-end together with a pooling layer to encode…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-12 Miquel India , Pooyan Safari , Javier Hernando

Transformer-based self-supervised models are trained as feature extractors and have empowered many downstream speech tasks to achieve state-of-the-art performance. However, both the training and inference process of these models may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Jinchuan Tian , Rongzhi Gu , Helin Wang , Yuexian Zou

Unsupervised clustering on speakers is becoming increasingly important for its potential uses in semi-supervised learning. In reality, we are often presented with enormous amounts of unlabeled data from multi-party meetings and discussions.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Fuchuan Tong , Siqi Zheng , Min Zhang , Yafeng Chen , Hongbin Suo , Qingyang Hong , Lin Li

Unsupervised learning of high-dimensional data is challenging due to irrelevant or noisy features obscuring underlying structures. It's common that only a few features, called the influential features, meaningfully define the clusters.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Chen Ma , Wanjie Wang , Shuhao Fan

Self-supervised speech models (S3Ms) are known to encode rich phonetic information, yet how this information is structured remains underexplored. We conduct a comprehensive study across 96 languages to analyze the underlying structure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Kwanghee Choi , Eunjung Yeo , Cheol Jun Cho , David Harwath , David R. Mortensen

Self-supervised speech models learn effective representations of spoken language, which have been shown to reflect various aspects of linguistic structure. But when does such structure emerge in model training? We study the encoding of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Marianne de Heer Kloots , Martijn Bentum , Hosein Mohebbi , Charlotte Pouw , Gaofei Shen , Willem Zuidema

Despite the growing interest in unsupervised learning, extracting meaningful knowledge from unlabelled audio remains an open challenge. To take a step in this direction, we recently proposed a problem-agnostic speech encoder (PASE), that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-21 Mirco Ravanelli , Jianyuan Zhong , Santiago Pascual , Pawel Swietojanski , Joao Monteiro , Jan Trmal , Yoshua Bengio

Recently, many efforts have been made to explore how the brain processes speech using electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, where deep learning-based approaches were shown to be applicable in this field. In order to decode speech signals…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Qiushi Zhu , Xiaoying Zhao , Jie Zhang , Yu Gu , Chao Weng , Yuchen Hu

Many self-supervised speech models, varying in their pre-training objective, input modality, and pre-training data, have been proposed in the last few years. Despite impressive successes on downstream tasks, we still have a limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Ankita Pasad , Bowen Shi , Karen Livescu

Typically, the Time-Delay Neural Network (TDNN) and Transformer can serve as a backbone for Speaker Verification (SV). Both of them have advantages and disadvantages from the perspective of global and local feature modeling. How to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Xiyuan Wang , Fangyuan Wang , Bo Xu , Liang Xu , Jing Xiao

Representation learning is important for solving sequence-to-sequence problems in natural language processing. Representation learning transforms raw data into vector-form representations while preserving their features. However, data with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Yunhao Yang , Zhaokun Xue , Andrew Whinston

Speech enhancement is challenging because of the diversity of background noise types. Most of the existing methods are focused on modelling the speech rather than the noise. In this paper, we propose a novel idea to model speech and noise…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Chengyu Zheng , Xiulian Peng , Yuan Zhang , Sriram Srinivasan , Yan Lu

Transformer has been successfully applied to speech separation recently with its strong long-dependency modeling capacity using a self-attention mechanism. However, Transformer tends to have heavy run-time costs due to the deep encoder…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-28 Sanyuan Chen , Yu Wu , Zhuo Chen , Jian Wu , Takuya Yoshioka , Shujie Liu , Jinyu Li , Xiangzhan Yu

Analyses of transformer-based models have shown that they encode a variety of linguistic information from their textual input. While these analyses have shed a light on the relation between linguistic information on one side, and internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Vivi Nastase , Paola Merlo

Automatic speaker recognition algorithms typically characterize speech audio using short-term spectral features that encode the physiological and anatomical aspects of speech production. Such algorithms do not fully capitalize on…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Anurag Chowdhury , Arun Ross , Prabu David

Deep speaker embeddings have been demonstrated to outperform their generative counterparts, i-vectors, in recent speaker verification evaluations. To combine the benefits of high performance and generative interpretation, we investigate the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-21 Ville Vestman , Kong Aik Lee , Tomi H. Kinnunen

Speech foundation models (SFMs) are increasingly hailed as powerful computational models of human speech perception. However, since their representations are inherently black-box, it remains unclear what drives their alignment with brain…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-26 Riki Shimizu , Richard J. Antonello , Chandan Singh , Nima Mesgarani

The presence of multiple talkers in the surrounding environment poses a difficult challenge for real-time speech communication systems considering the constraints on network size and complexity. In this paper, we present Personalized…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-09 Ritwik Giri , Shrikant Venkataramani , Jean-Marc Valin , Umut Isik , Arvindh Krishnaswamy

The social media revolution has produced a plethora of web services to which users can easily upload and share multimedia documents. Despite the popularity and convenience of such services, the sharing of such inherently personal data,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-03 Fuming Fang , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi , Isao Echizen , Massimiliano Todisco , Nicholas Evans , Jean-Francois Bonastre