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In this technical report, we present the 2nd place solution of 2023 Waymo Open Sim Agents Challenge (WOSAC)[4]. We propose a simple yet effective autoregressive method for simulating multi-agent behaviors, which is built upon a well-known…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Cheng Qian , Di Xiu , Minghao Tian

Tokenization in video models, typically through patchification, generates an excessive and redundant number of tokens. This severely limits video efficiency and scalability. While recent trajectory-based tokenizers offer a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenhao Zheng , Jieyu Zhang , Jianing Zhang , Weikai Huang , Ashutosh Kumar , Quan Kong , Oncel Tuzel , Chun-Liang Li , Ranjay Krishna

Data-driven autonomous driving motion generation tasks are frequently impacted by the limitations of dataset size and the domain gap between datasets, which precludes their extensive application in real-world scenarios. To address this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Wei Wu , Xiaoxin Feng , Ziyan Gao , Yuheng Kan

Learning generalizable trajectory representations from raw GPS traces remains difficult because the data is continuous, noisy, and irregularly sampled. Spatial tokenization is also challenging: fine grids yield sparse cells with weak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zhen Xiong , Shang-Ling Hsu , Cyrus Shahabi

This technical report presents our 1st place solution for the Waymo Open Sim Agents Challenge (WOSAC) 2023. Our proposed MultiVerse Transformer for Agent simulation (MVTA) effectively leverages transformer-based motion prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Yu Wang , Tiebiao Zhao , Fan Yi

A longstanding challenge for self-driving development is simulating dynamic driving scenarios seeded from recorded driving logs. In pursuit of this functionality, we apply tools from discrete sequence modeling to model how vehicles,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jonah Philion , Xue Bin Peng , Sanja Fidler

Due to the stochasticity of human behaviors, predicting the future trajectories of road agents is challenging for autonomous driving. Recently, goal-based multi-trajectory prediction methods are proved to be effective, where they first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Junru Gu , Chen Sun , Hang Zhao

Existing GUI agent models relying on coordinate-based one-step visual grounding struggle with generalizing to varying input resolutions and aspect ratios. Alternatives introduce coordinate-free strategies yet suffer from learning under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xiaoce Wang , Guibin Zhang , Junzhe Li , Jinzhe Tu , Chun Li , Ming Li

In this report, we present the 1st place solution for motion prediction track in 2022 Waymo Open Dataset Challenges. We propose a novel Motion Transformer framework for multimodal motion prediction, which introduces a small set of novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Shaoshuai Shi , Li Jiang , Dengxin Dai , Bernt Schiele

Simulation with realistic, interactive agents represents a key task for autonomous vehicle software development. In this work, we introduce the Waymo Open Sim Agents Challenge (WOSAC). WOSAC is the first public challenge to tackle this task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Nico Montali , John Lambert , Paul Mougin , Alex Kuefler , Nick Rhinehart , Michelle Li , Cole Gulino , Tristan Emrich , Zoey Yang , Shimon Whiteson , Brandyn White , Dragomir Anguelov

In autonomous driving, goal-based multi-trajectory prediction methods are proved to be effective recently, where they first score goal candidates, then select a final set of goals, and finally complete trajectories based on the selected…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Junru Gu , Qiao Sun , Hang Zhao

Complex interactions among agents present a significant challenge for autonomous driving in real-world scenarios. Recently, a promising approach has emerged, which formulates the interactions of agents as a level-k game framework. It…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yesheng Zhang , Wenjian Sun , Yuheng Chen , Qingwei Liu , Qi Lin , Rui Zhang , Xu Zhao

Simulating realistic behaviors of traffic agents is pivotal for efficiently validating the safety of autonomous driving systems. Existing data-driven simulators primarily use an encoder-decoder architecture to encode the historical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zikang Zhou , Haibo Hu , Xinhong Chen , Jianping Wang , Nan Guan , Kui Wu , Yung-Hui Li , Yu-Kai Huang , Chun Jason Xue

In this technical report we present TrafficBots V1.5, a baseline method for the closed-loop simulation of traffic agents. TrafficBots V1.5 achieves baseline-level performance and a 3rd place ranking in the Waymo Open Sim Agents Challenge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zhejun Zhang , Christos Sakaridis , Luc Van Gool

Building a unified visual tokenizer is essential for bridging the gap between visual understanding and generation. Yet existing approaches struggle with the inherent conflict between these tasks, as a single token space is forced to support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yiwei Guo , Shaobin Zhuang , Zhipeng Huang , Canmiao Fu , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Yali Wang

Traffic simulation aims to learn a policy for traffic agents that, when unrolled in closed-loop, faithfully recovers the joint distribution of trajectories observed in the real world. Inspired by large language models, tokenized multi-agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Zhejun Zhang , Peter Karkus , Maximilian Igl , Wenhao Ding , Yuxiao Chen , Boris Ivanovic , Marco Pavone

Learning diverse and high-fidelity traffic simulations from human driving demonstrations is crucial for autonomous driving evaluation. The recent next-token prediction (NTP) paradigm, widely adopted in large language models (LLMs), has been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ziyan Wang , Peng Chen , Ding Li , Chiwei Li , Qichao Zhang , Zhongpu Xia , Guizhen Yu

Multi-agent trajectory prediction is a fundamental problem in autonomous driving. The key challenges in prediction are accurately anticipating the behavior of surrounding agents and understanding the scene context. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Elmira Amirloo , Amir Rasouli , Peter Lakner , Mohsen Rohani , Jun Luo

Developing safe human-robot interaction systems is a necessary step towards the widespread integration of autonomous agents in society. A key component of such systems is the ability to reason about the many potential futures (e.g.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Boris Ivanovic , Marco Pavone

Autoregressive image generation aims to predict the next token based on previous ones. However, this process is challenged by the bidirectional dependencies inherent in conventional image tokenizations, which creates a fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Pingyu Wu , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Longxiang Tang , Jian Yang , Yansong Peng , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha
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