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Linear time series analysis, mainly the Fourier transform based methods, has been quite successful in extracting information contained in the ever-modulating light curves (Lcs) of active galactic nuclei, and thereby contribute in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-06 Gopal Bhatta , Radim Pánis , Zdeněk Stuchlík

Mrk~421 is one of the most fascinating blazars, widely studied across the electromagnetic spectrum using observations at various wavebands, from radio to the TeV gamma ray bands. We present the first detailed spectral and timing analysis of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-10 Sangeetha Kizhakkekalam , Gopal Bhatta , Navaneeth P K , Tek P. Adhikari

Blazars are variable emitters across all wavelengths over a wide range of timescales, from months down to minutes. It is therefore essential to observe blazars simultaneously at different wavelengths, especially in the X-ray and gamma-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-28 A. U. Abeysekara , S. Archambault , A. Archer , W. Benbow , R. Bird , M. Buchovecky , J. H. Buckley , V. Bugaev , J. V Cardenzana , M. Cerruti , X. Chen , L. Ciupik , M. P. Connolly , W. Cui , J. D. Eisch , A. Falcone , Q. Feng , J. P. Finley , H. Fleischhack , A. Flinders , L. Fortson , A. Furniss , S. Griffin , M. Hütten , N. Håkansson , D. Hanna , O. Hervet , J. Holder , T. B. Humensky , P. Kaaret , P. Kar , M. Kertzman , D. Kieda , M. Krause , S. Kumar , M. J. Lang , G. Maier , S. McArthur , A. McCann , K. Meagher , P. Moriarty , R. Mukherjee , D. Nieto , S. O'Brien , R. A. Ong , A. N. Otte , N. Park , V. Pelassa , M. Pohl , A. Popkow , E. Pueschel , K. Ragan , P. T. Reynolds , G. T. Richards , E. Roache , I. Sadeh , M. Santander , G. H. Sembroski , K. Shahinyan , D. Staszak , I. Telezhinsky , J. V. Tucci , J. Tyler , S. P. Wakely , A. Weinstein , A. Wilhelm , D. A. Williams , M. L. Ahnen , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , P. Antoranz , C. Arcaro , A. Babic , B. Banerjee , P. Bangale , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , A. Berti , B. Biasuzzi , A. Biland , O. Blanch , S. Bonnefoy , G. Bonnoli , F. Borracci , T. Bretz , R. Carosi , A. Carosi , A. Chatterjee , P. Colin , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , P. Cumani , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , E. de Oña Wilhelmi , F. Di Pierro , M. Doert , A. Domínguez , D. Dominis Prester , D. Dorner , M. Doro , S. Einecke , D. Eisenacher Glawion , D. Elsaesser , M. Engelkemeier , V. Fallah Ramazani , A. Fernández-Barral , D. Fidalgo , M. V. Fonseca , L. Font , C. Fruck , D. Galindo , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , M. Gaug , P. Giammaria , N. Godinović , D. Gora , D. Guberman , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , T. Hassan , M. Hayashida , J. Herrera , J. Hose , D. Hrupec , G. Hughes , W. Idec , K. Kodani , Y. Konno , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , D. Lelas , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , M. López , R. López-Coto , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , K. Mallot , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , K. Mannheim , L. Maraschi , B. Marcote , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , D. Mazin , U. Menzel , R. Mirzoyan , A. Moralejo , E. Moretti , D. Nakajima , V. Neustroev , A. Niedzwiecki , M. Nievas Rosillo , K. Nilsson , K. Nishijima , K. Noda , L. Nogués , M. Nöthe , S. Paiano , J. Palacio , M. Palatiello , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , X. Paredes-Fortuny , G. Pedaletti , M. Peresano , L. Perri , M. Persic , J. Poutanen , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , I. Puljak , J. R. Garcia , I. Reichardt , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , T. Saito , K. Satalecka , S. Schroeder , T. Schweizer , S. N. Shore , A. Sillanpää , J. Sitarek , I. Snidaric , D. Sobczynska , A. Stamerra , M. Strzys , T. Surić , L. Takalo , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , T. Terzić , D. Tescaro , M. Teshima , D. F. Torres , N. Torres-Albà , T. Toyama , A. Treves , G. Vanzo , M. Vazquez Acosta , I. Vovk , J. E. Ward , M. Will , M. H. Wu , R. Zanin , T. Hovatta , I. de la Calle Perez , P. S. Smith , E. Racero , M. Baloković

The origin of the gamma-ray emission of the blazar Mrk 421 is still a matter of debate. We used 5.5 years of unbiased observing campaign data, obtained using the FACT telescope and the Fermi LAT detector at TeV and GeV energies, the longest…

We analyze X-ray light curves of the blazars Mrk 421, PKS 2155-304, and 3C 273 using observations by the Soft X-ray Telescope on board AstroSat and archival XMM-Newton data. We use light curves of length 30-90 ks each from 3-4 epochs for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-27 Joy Bhattacharyya , Ritesh Ghosh , Ritaban Chatterjee , Nabanita Das

Blazars are known to exhibit variability across a broad range of timescales. This behavior can include periodicity in their $\gamma$-ray emission, whose clear detection remains an ongoing challenge, partly due to the inherent stochasticity…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-08 P. Peñil , M. Ajello , S. Buson , A. Domínguez , J. R. Westernacher-Schneider , A. Rico , S. Adhikari , J. Zrake

We study the multi-band variability and correlations of the TeV blazar Mrk 421 on year time scales, which can bring additional insight on the processes responsible for its broadband emission. We observed Mrk 421 in the very high energy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-08-15 MAGIC Collaboration , M. L. Ahnen , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , P. Antoranz , A. Babic , B. Banerjee , P. Bangale , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , B. Biasuzzi , A. Biland , O. Blanch , S. Bonnefoy , G. Bonnoli , F. Borracci , T. Bretz , S. Buson , A. Carosi , A. Chatterjee , R. Clavero , P. Colin , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , E. de Oña Wilhelmi , F. Di Pierro , A. Domínguez , D. Dominis Prester , D. Dorner , M. Doro , S. Einecke , D. Eisenacher Glawion , D. Elsaesser , A. Fernández-Barral , D. Fidalgo , M. V. Fonseca , L. Font , K. Frantzen , C. Fruck , D. Galindo , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , D. Garrido Terrats , M. Gaug , P. Giammaria , N. Godinović , A. González Muñoz , D. Gora , D. Guberman , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , Y. Hanabata , M. Hayashida , J. Herrera , J. Hose , D. Hrupec , G. Hughes , W. Idec , K. Kodani , Y. Konno , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , A. La Barbera , D. Lelas , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , M. López , R. López-Coto , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , K. Mallot , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , K. Mannheim , L. Maraschi , B. Marcote , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , D. Mazin , U. Menzel , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , A. Moralejo , E. Moretti , D. Nakajima , V. Neustroev , A. Niedzwiecki , M. Nievas Rosillo , K. Nilsson , K. Nishijima , K. Noda , L. Nogués , R. Orito , A. Overkemping , S. Paiano , J. Palacio , M. Palatiello , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , X. Paredes-Fortuny , G. Pedaletti , L. Perri , M. Persic , J. Poutanen , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , I. Puljak , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , J. Rodriguez Garcia , T. Saito , K. Satalecka , C. Schultz , T. Schweizer , S. N. Shore , A. Sillanpää , J. Sitarek , I. Snidaric , D. Sobczynska , A. Stamerra , T. Steinbring , M. Strzys , L. Takalo , H. Takami , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , T. Terzić , D. Tescaro , M. Teshima , J. Thaele , D. F. Torres , T. Toyama , A. Treves , V. Verguilov , I. Vovk , J. E. Ward , M. Will , M. H. Wu , R. Zanin , D. A. Blinov , W. P. Chen , N. V. Efimova , E. Forné , T. S. Grishina , T. Hovatta , B. Jordan , G. N. Kimeridze , E. N. Kopatskaya , E. Koptelova , O. M. Kurtanidze , S. O. Kurtanidze , A. Lähteenmaäki , V. M. Larionov , E. G. Larionova , L. V. Larionova , R. Ligustri , H. C. Lin , B. McBreen , D. A. Morozova , M. G. Nikolashvili , C. M. Raiteri , J. A. Ros , A. C. Sadun , L. A. Sigua , M. Tornikoski , I. S. Troitsky , M. Villata

Strong X-ray and $\gamma$--ray flares have been detected in February 2010 from the high synchrotron peaked blazar Mrk 421 (z=0.031). With the motivation of understanding the physics involved in this flaring activity, we study the…

We investigate the origin of high-energy emission in blazars within the context of the leptohadronic one-zone model. We find that $\gamma$-ray emission can be attributed to synchrotron radiation either from protons or from secondary leptons…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-15 Apostolos Mastichiadis , Maria Petropoulou , Stavros Dimitrakoudis

(Abridged) We present a detailed analysis of week-long simultaneous observations of the blazar Mrk421 at 2-60 keV X-rays (RXTE) and TeV gamma-rays (Whipple and HEGRA) in 2001. The unprecedented quality of this dataset enables us to…

Variable \gama-ray emission from blazars, one of the most powerful classes of astronomical sources featuring relativistic jets, is a widely discussed topic. In this work, we present the results of a variability study of a sample of 20…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-22 Jaroslaw Duda , Gopal Bhatta

We report on a multi-band variability and correlation study of the TeV blazar Mrk 421 during an exceptional flaring activity observed from 2013 April 11 to 2013 April 19. The study uses, among others, data from GASP-WEBT, Swift, NuSTAR,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-07-22 MAGIC collaboration , V. A. Acciari , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , A. Arbet Engels , D. Baack , A. Babic , B. Banerjee , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , J. Becerra Gonzalez , W. Bednarek , L. Bellizzi , E. Bernardini , A. Berti , J. Besenrieder , W. Bhattacharyya , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , Z. Bosnjak , G. Busetto , R. Carosi , G. Ceribella , M. Cerruti , Y. Chai , A. Chilingarian , S. Cikota , S. M. Colak , U. Colin , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , V. D'Elia , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , F. Del Puppo , M. Delfino , J. Delgado , D. Depaoli , F. Di Pierro , L. Di Venere , E. Do Souto Espineira , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , D. Elsaesser , V. Fallah Ramazani , A. Fattorini , G. Ferrara , L. Foffano , M. V. Fonseca , L. Font , C. Fruck , S. Fukami , R. J. Garcia Lopez , M. Garczarczyk , S. Gasparyan , M. Gaug , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , N. Godinovic , D. Green , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , J. Herrera , J. Hoang , D. Hrupec , M. Hutten , T. Inada , S. Inoue , K. Ishio , Y. Iwamura , L. Jouvin , Y. Kajiwara , D. Kerszberg , Y. Kobayashi , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , A. Lamastra , D. Lelas , F. Leone , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , M. Lopez , R. Lopez-Coto , A. Lopez-Oramas , S. Loporchio , B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga , C. Maggio , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , M. Mallamaci , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , K. Mannheim , L. Maraschi , M. Mariotti , M. Martinez , D. Mazin , S. Mender , S. Micanovic , D. Miceli , T. Miener , M. Minev , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , E. Molina , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , V. Moreno , E. Moretti , P. Munar-Adrover , V. Neustroev , C. Nigro , K. Nilsson , D. Ninci , K. Nishijima , K. Noda , L. Nogues , S. Nozaki , Y. Ohtani , T. Oka , J. Otero-Santos , M. Palatiello , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , L. Pavletic , P. Penil , M. Peresano , M. Persic , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , I. Puljak , W. Rhode , M. Ribo , J. Rico , C. Righi , A. Rugliancich , L. Saha , N. Sahakyan , T. Saito , S. Sakurai , K. Satalecka , B. Schleicher , K. Schmidt , T. Schweizer , J. Sitarek , I. Snidaric , D. Sobczynska , A. Spolon , A. Stamerra , D. Strom , M. Strzys , Y. Suda , T. Suric , M. Takahashi , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , T. Terzic , M. Teshima , N. Torres-Alba , L. Tosti , J. van Scherpenberg , G. Vanzo , M. Vazquez Acosta , S. Ventura , V. Verguilov , C. F. Vigorito , V. Vitale , I. Vovk , M. Will , D. Zaric , Other groups , : , M. Petropoulou , J. Finke , F. D'Ammando , M. Balokovic , G. Madejski , K. Mori , Simonetta Puccetti , C. Leto , M. Perri , F. Verrecchia , M. Villata , C. M. Raiteri , I. Agudo , R. Bachev , A. Berdyugin , D. A. Blinov , R. Chanishvili , W. P. Chen , R. Chigladze , G. Damljanovic , C. Eswaraiah , T. S. Grishina , S. Ibryamov , B. Jordan , S. G. Jorstad , M. Joshi , E. N. Kopatskaya , O. M. Kurtanidze , S. O. Kurtanidze , E. G. Larionova , L. V. Larionova , V. M. Larionov , G. Latev , H. C. Lin , A. P. Marscher , A. A. Mokrushina , D. A. Morozova , M. G. Nikolashvili , E. Semkov , P. S. Smith , A. Strigachev , Yu. V. Troitskaya , I. S. Troitsky , O. Vince , J. Barnes , T. Guever , J. W. Moody , A. C. Sadun , T. Hovatta , J. L. Richards , W. Max-Moerbeck , A. C. R. Readhead , A. Lahteenmaki , M. Tornikoski , J. Tammi , V. Ramakrishnan , R. Reinthal

Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 are two close, bright and well-studied high-synchrotron-peaked blazars, which feature bright and persistent GeV and TeV emission. We use the longest and densest dataset of unbiased observations of these two sources,…

We have studied the rapid X-ray variability of three extragalactic TeV gamma-ray sources; Mrk 421, Mrk 501 and PKS 2155-304. Analyzing the X-ray light curves obtained from ASCA and/or RXTE observations between 1993 and 1998, we have…

Electromagnetic radiation from blazar jets often displays strong variability, extending from radio to $\gamma$-ray frequencies. In a few cases, this variability has been characterized using Fourier time lags, such as those detected in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-29 Tiffany R. Lewis , Peter A. Becker , Justin D. Finke

Blazars, a subset of powerful active galactic nuclei, feature relativistic jets that shine in a broadband electromagnetic radiation, e. g. from radio to TeV emission. Here I present the results of the studies that explore gamma-ray and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-18 Gopal Bhatta

Blazars, a class of active galactic nuclei (AGN) powered by supermassive black holes, are known for their remarkable variability across multiple timescales and wavelengths. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of AGN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-04 Gopal Bhatta , Suvas C. Chaudhary , Niraj Dhital , Tek P. Adhikari , Maksym Mohorian , Radim Pánis , Raghav Neupane , Yogesh Singh Maharjan

In the present paper, we have reported the result of simultaneous multi-wavelength observations of the TeV blazar Mrk 421 during February $-$ March 2003. In this period, we have observed Mrk 421 using Pachmarhi Array of \v{C}erenkov…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alok C. Gupta , B. S. Acharya , Debanjan Bose , Varsha R. Chitnis , Jun-Hui Fan

We present an extensive study of 72 archival Chandra light curves of the high-frequency-peaked type blazar Mrk 421, the first strong extragalactic object to be detected at TeV energies. Between 2000 and 2015 Mrk 421 often displayed intraday…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-22 V. Aggrawal , Ashwani Pandey , Alok C. Gupta , Zhongli Zhang , Paul J. Wiita , K. K. Yadav , S. N. Tiwari

We study the stochastic variation of blazar emission under a 2-D spatially resolved leptonic jet model we previously developed. Random events of particle acceleration and injection in small zones within the emission region are assumed to be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-23 Xuhui Chen , Martin Pohl , Markus Böttcher , Shan Gao
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