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Deep learning model (primarily convolutional networks and LSTM) for time series classification has been studied broadly by the community with the wide applications in different domains like healthcare, finance, industrial engineering and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Minghao Liu , Shengqi Ren , Siyuan Ma , Jiahui Jiao , Yizhou Chen , Zhiguang Wang , Wei Song

Topological Deep Learning seeks to enhance the predictive performance of neural network models by harnessing topological structures in input data. Topological neural networks operate on spaces such as cell complexes and hypergraphs, that…

The rapid progress seen in terms of large-scale generative AI is largely based on the attention mechanism. It is conversely non-trivial to conceive small-scale applications for which attention-based architectures outperform traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Claudius Gros

Transformer models have consistently achieved remarkable results in various domains such as natural language processing and computer vision. However, despite ongoing research efforts to better understand these models, the field still lacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ilya Kaufman , Omri Azencot

Large language models (LLMs) excel across many tasks, yet inference is still dominated by strictly token-by-token autoregression. Existing acceleration methods largely patch this pipeline and miss core human-reading ingredients:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Tongxi Wang

In this work, we investigate a simple nonequilibrium system with many interconnected, open subsystems, each exchanging a globally conserved resource with an external reserve. The system is represented by a random graph, where nodes…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-12-30 Shreeman Auromahima , Sitangshu Bikas Santra , Biplab Bose

Recursion is a prominent feature of human language, and fundamentally challenging for self-attention due to the lack of an explicit recursive-state tracking mechanism. Consequently, Transformer language models poorly capture long-tail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Shikhar Murty , Pratyusha Sharma , Jacob Andreas , Christopher D. Manning

We study learned memory tokens as a computational scratchpad for a single-block Universal Transformer with Adaptive Computation Time (ACT) on Sudoku-Extreme, a combinatorial reasoning benchmark. Memory tokens are empirically necessary: no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Grigory Sapunov

Transformers have recently emerged as powerful neural networks for graph learning, showcasing state-of-the-art performance on several graph property prediction tasks. However, these results have been limited to small-scale graphs, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Vijay Prakash Dwivedi , Yozen Liu , Anh Tuan Luu , Xavier Bresson , Neil Shah , Tong Zhao

This paper studies generalization error bounds for Transformer models. Based on the offset Rademacher complexity, we derive sharper generalization bounds for different Transformer architectures, including single-layer single-head,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yawen Li , Tao Hu , Zhouhui Lian , Wan Tian , Yijie Peng , Huiming Zhang , Zhongyi Li

Dynamic graph learning plays a pivotal role in modeling evolving relationships over time, especially for temporal link prediction tasks in domains such as traffic systems, social networks, and recommendation platforms. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Tao Zou , Chengfeng Wu , Tianxi Liao , Junchen Ye , Bowen Du

Test-time scaling via recurrent/iterative Transformers enables large language models to spend more computation at inference, but most pretrained recurrent LMs run a fixed number of iterations, wasting compute on easy tokens and lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Shixiang Song , He Li , Zitong Wang , Boyi Zeng , Feichen Song , Yixuan Wang , Zhiqin John Xu , Ziwei He , Zhouhan Lin

Normalization layers are standard in transformers, but it is not clear whether their sample-dependent computations are necessary throughout both training and inference. This work develops a gated normalization-removal approach for pre-norm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Andrei Kanavalau , Carmen Amo Alonso , Sanjay Lall

In classic settings of garbled circuits, each gate type is leaked to improve both space and speed optimization. Zahur et al. have shown in EUROCRYPT 2015 that a typical linear garbling scheme requires at least two $\lambda$-bit elements per…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Ke Lin

Transformer architectures dominate modern NLP but often demand heavy computational resources and intricate hyperparameter tuning. To mitigate these challenges, we propose a novel framework, BoostTransformer, that augments transformers with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Biyi Fang , Truong Vo , Jean Utke , Diego Klabjan

Recently the Transformer structure has shown good performances in graph learning tasks. However, these Transformer models directly work on graph nodes and may have difficulties learning high-level information. Inspired by the vision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Han Gao , Xu Han , Jiaoyang Huang , Jian-Xun Wang , Li-Ping Liu

Transformer models rely on High-Performance Computing (HPC) resources for inference, where soft errors are inevitable in large-scale systems, making the reliability of the model particularly critical. Existing fault tolerance frameworks for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Huangliang Dai , Shixun Wu , Jiajun Huang , Zizhe Jian , Yue Zhu , Haiyang Hu , Zizhong Chen

The topology transition problem of transmission networks is becoming increasingly crucial with topological flexibility more widely leveraged to promote high renewable penetration. This paper proposes a novel methodology to address this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Tong Han , Yue Song , David J. Hill

Many real-world prediction tasks, particularly those involving entities such as customers or patients, involve both {sequential} and {relational} data. Each entity maintains its own sequence of events while simultaneously engaging in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yuen Chen , Yulun Wu , Samuel Sharpe , Igor Melnyk , Nam H. Nguyen , Furong Huang , C. Bayan Bruss , Rizal Fathony

In nonlinear dynamical systems, tipping refers to a critical transition from one steady state to another, typically catastrophic, steady state, often resulting from a saddle-node bifurcation. Recently, the machine-learning framework of…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-09 Smita Deb , Zheng-Meng Zhai , Mulugeta Haile , Ying-Cheng Lai