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Ancient manuscripts are the primary source of ancient linguistic corpora. However, many ancient manuscripts exhibit duplications due to unintentional repeated publication or deliberate forgery. The Dead Sea Scrolls, for example, include…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Chongsheng Zhang , Shuwen Wu , Yingqi Chen , Yi Men , Gaojuan Fan , Matthias Aßenmacher , Christian Heumann , João Gama

Constructing historical language models (LMs) plays a crucial role in aiding archaeological provenance studies and understanding ancient cultures. However, existing resources present major challenges for training effective LMs on historical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Xiaolei Diao , Zhihan Zhou , Lida Shi , Ting Wang , Ruihua Qi , Hao Xu , Daqian Shi

Sumerian transliteration is a conventional system for representing a scholar's interpretation of a tablet in the Latin script. Thanks to visionary digital Assyriology projects such as ETCSL, CDLI, and Oracc, a large number of Sumerian…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Cole Simmons , Richard Diehl Martinez , Dan Jurafsky

Recognition of ancient Tamil characters has always been a challenge for epigraphers. This is primarily because the language has evolved over the several centuries and the character set over this time has both expanded and diversified. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Lalitha Giridhar , Aishwarya Dharani and , Velmathi Guruviah

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process of extracting digitized text from images of scanned documents. While OCR systems have already matured in many languages, they still have shortcomings in cursive languages with overlapping…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Hussein Osman , Karim Zaghw , Mostafa Hazem , Seifeldin Elsehely

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in modern text-rich visual understanding. However, their perceptual robustness in the face of the continuous morphological evolution of historical writing systems remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Gengluo Li , Shangpin Peng , Xingyu Wan , Chengquan Zhang , Hao Feng , Xin Xu , Pian Wu , Bang Li , Zengmao Ding , Yongge Liu , Yipei Ye , Yang Yang , Zhan Shu , Guojun Yan , Zhe Li , Can Ma , Weiping Wang , Yu Zhou , Han Hu

Current Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) typically integrate a pre-trained LLM with another pre-trained vision transformer through a connector, such as an MLP, endowing the LLM with visual capabilities. However, the misalignment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Shiyin Lu , Yang Li , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Han-Jia Ye

Conventional optical character recognition (OCR) techniques segmented each character and then recognized. This made them prone to error in character segmentation, and devoid of context to exploit language models. Advances in sequence to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Shashank Vempati , Nishit Anand , Gaurav Talebailkar , Arpan Garai , Chetan Arora

Open-vocabulary image semantic segmentation (OVS) seeks to segment images into semantic regions across an open set of categories. Existing OVS methods commonly depend on foundational vision-language models and utilize similarity computation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Qinglong Cao , Yuntian Chen , Chao Ma , Xiaokang Yang

Occlusion perception, a critical foundation for human-level spatial understanding, embodies the challenge of integrating visual recognition and reasoning. Though multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Zhaochen Liu , Kaiwen Gao , Shuyi Liang , Bin Xiao , Limeng Qiao , Lin Ma , Tingting Jiang

We propose "Generative Fusion Decoding" (GFD), a novel shallow fusion framework designed to integrate large language models (LLMs) into cross-modal text recognition systems for automatic speech recognition (ASR) and optical character…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Chan-Jan Hsu , Yi-Chang Chen , Feng-Ting Liao , Pei-Chen Ho , Yu-Hsiang Wang , Po-Chun Hsu , Da-shan Shiu

The ability to efficiently detect the software protections used is at a prime to facilitate the selection and application of adequate deob-fuscation techniques. We present a novel approach that combines semantic reasoning techniques with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ramtine Tofighi-Shirazi , Irina Mariuca Asavoae , Philippe Elbaz-Vincent

This project undertakes the training and analysis of optical character recognition OCR methods applied to 10th century ancient Tamil inscriptions discovered on the walls of the Brihadeeswarar Temple.The chosen OCR methods include…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Velmathi G , Shangavelan M , Harish D , Krithikshun M S

Optical character recognition (OCR) has advanced rapidly with the rise of vision-language models, yet evaluation has remained concentrated on a small cluster of high- and mid-resource scripts. We introduce GlotOCR Bench, a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Amir Hossein Kargaran , Nafiseh Nikeghbal , Jana Diesner , François Yvon , Hinrich Schütze

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation (OVSS) extends traditional closed-set segmentation by enabling pixel-wise annotation for both seen and unseen categories using arbitrary textual descriptions. While existing methods leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Junyang Chen , Xiangbo Lv , Zhiqiang Kou , Xingdong Sheng , Ning Xu , Yiguo Qiao

Real-time open-vocabulary scene understanding is essential for efficient 3D perception in applications such as vision-language navigation, embodied intelligence, and augmented reality. However, existing methods suffer from imprecise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Xiaofeng Jin , Matteo Frosi , Matteo Matteucci

In this paper, we address the task of Optical Character Recognition(OCR) for the Telugu script. We present an end-to-end framework that segments the text image, classifies the characters and extracts lines using a language model. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-16 Rakesh Achanta , Trevor Hastie

Offline Signature Verification (OSV) is a fundamental biometric task across various forensic, commercial and legal applications. The underlying task at hand is to carefully model fine-grained features of the signatures to distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Soumitri Chattopadhyay , Siladittya Manna , Saumik Bhattacharya , Umapada Pal

We describe a novel line-level script identification method. Previous work repurposed an OCR model generating per-character script codes, counted to obtain line-level script identification. This has two shortcomings. First, as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Yasuhisa Fujii , Karel Driesen , Jonathan Baccash , Ash Hurst , Ashok C. Popat

Telugu is a Dravidian language spoken by more than 80 million people worldwide. The optical character recognition (OCR) of the Telugu script has wide ranging applications including education, health-care, administration etc. The beautiful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Chandra Prakash Konkimalla , Manikanta Srikar Yellapragada , Trishal Gayam , Souraj Mandal , Sumohana S. Channappayya