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Federated learning (FL) is a distributed method to train a global model over a set of local clients while keeping data localized. It reduces the risks of privacy and security but faces important challenges including expensive communication…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Seonhyeong Kim , Jiheon Woo , Daewon Seo , Yongjune Kim

Federated learning (FL) is increasingly adopted in domains like healthcare, where data privacy is paramount. A fundamental challenge in these systems is statistical heterogeneity-the fact that data distributions vary significantly across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Zijian Wang , Xiaofei Zhang , Xin Zhang , Yukun Liu , Qiong Zhang

Recently, foundation models have exhibited remarkable advancements in multi-modal learning. These models, equipped with millions (or billions) of parameters, typically require a substantial amount of data for finetuning. However, collecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Haokun Chen , Yao Zhang , Denis Krompass , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Personalized decision-making can be implemented in a Federated learning (FL) framework that can collaboratively train a decision model by extracting knowledge across intelligent clients, e.g. smartphones or enterprises. FL can mitigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Guodong Long , Ming Xie , Tao Shen , Tianyi Zhou , Xianzhi Wang , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Clustered Federated Learning has emerged as an effective approach for handling heterogeneous data across clients by partitioning them into clusters with similar or identical data distributions. However, most existing methods, including the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jonas Kirch , Sebastian Becker , Tiago Koketsu Rodrigues , Stefan Harmeling

The key premise of federated learning (FL) is to train ML models across a diverse set of data-owners (clients), without exchanging local data. An overarching challenge to this date is client heterogeneity, which may arise not only from…

In this article, we propose an approach for federated domain adaptation, a setting where distributional shift exists among clients and some have unlabeled data. The proposed framework, FedDaDiL, tackles the resulting challenge through…

Federated Learning (FL) presents an innovative approach to privacy-preserving distributed machine learning and enables efficient crowd intelligence on a large scale. However, a significant challenge arises when coordinating FL with crowd…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yuhao Zhou , Minjia Shi , Yuxin Tian , Yuanxi Li , Qing Ye , Jiancheng Lv

The heterogeneity of hardware and data is a well-known and studied problem in the community of Federated Learning (FL) as running under heterogeneous settings. Recently, custom-size client models trained with Knowledge Distillation (KD) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Hongrui Shi , Valentin Radu , Po Yang

Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) faces persistent challenges, including domain heterogeneity from diverse client data, data imbalance due to skewed participation, and strict communication constraints. Traditional federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mincheol Jeon , Euinam Huh

Federated learning (FL) aims to collaboratively train a shared model across multiple clients without transmitting their local data. Data heterogeneity is a critical challenge in realistic FL settings, as it causes significant performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yuwei Wang , Runhan Li , Hao Tan , Xuefeng Jiang , Sheng Sun , Min Liu , Bo Gao , Zhiyuan Wu

Federated learning improves data privacy and efficiency in machine learning performed over networks of distributed devices, such as mobile phones, IoT and wearable devices, etc. Yet models trained with federated learning can still fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xingchao Peng , Zijun Huang , Yizhe Zhu , Kate Saenko

Federated- and Continual Learning have been established as approaches to enable privacy-aware learning on continuously changing data, as required for deploying AI systems in histopathology images. However, data shifts can occur in a dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Niklas Babendererde , Haozhe Zhu , Moritz Fuchs , Jonathan Stieber , Anirban Mukhopadhyay

Model-Heterogeneous Federated Learning (Hetero-FL) has attracted growing attention for its ability to aggregate knowledge from heterogeneous models while keeping private data locally. To better aggregate knowledge from clients, ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yichen Li , Xiuying Wang , Wenchao Xu , Haozhao Wang , Yining Qi , Jiahua Dong , Ruixuan Li

In Federated Learning (FL), forgetting, or the loss of knowledge across rounds, hampers algorithm convergence, particularly in the presence of severe data heterogeneity among clients. This study explores the nuances of this issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Mohammed Aljahdali , Ahmed M. Abdelmoniem , Marco Canini , Samuel Horváth

Recently, semi-supervised federated learning (semi-FL) has been proposed to handle the commonly seen real-world scenarios with labeled data on the server and unlabeled data on the clients. However, existing methods face several challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Mingzhao Yang , Shangchao Su , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Recent years have witnessed a burgeoning interest in federated learning (FL). However, the contexts in which clients engage in sequential learning remain under-explored. Bridging FL and continual learning (CL) gives rise to a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Abudukelimu Wuerkaixi , Sen Cui , Jingfeng Zhang , Kunda Yan , Bo Han , Gang Niu , Lei Fang , Changshui Zhang , Masashi Sugiyama

Federated learning has received significant attention for its ability to simultaneously protect customer privacy and leverage distributed data from multiple devices for model training. However, conventional approaches often focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jiahao Zeng , Wolong Xing , Liangtao Shi , Xin Huang , Jialin Wang , Zhile Cao , Zhenkui Shi

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach to training machine learning models across decentralized data sources while preserving data privacy, particularly in manufacturing and shared production environments. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Tatjana Legler , Vinit Hegiste , Ahmed Anwar , Martin Ruskowski

Federated Learning (FL) allows several clients to cooperatively train machine learning models without disclosing the raw data. In practical applications, asynchronous FL (AFL) can address the straggler effect compared to synchronous FL.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Xiaorui Jiang , Yu Gao , Hengwei Xu , Qi Zhang , Yong Liao , Pengyuan Zhou
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