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One of the limitations of large language models is that they do not have access to up-to-date, proprietary or personal data. As a result, there are multiple efforts to extend language models with techniques for accessing external data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Alon Halevy , Jane Dwivedi-Yu

The proliferation of complex structured data in hybrid sources, such as PDF documents and web pages, presents unique challenges for current Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in providing accurate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Shivani Upadhyay , Messiah Ataey , Syed Shariyar Murtaza , Yifan Nie , Jimmy Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved substantial progress in processing long contexts but still struggle with long-context reasoning. Existing approaches typically involve fine-tuning LLMs with synthetic data, which depends on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Siheng Li , Cheng Yang , Zesen Cheng , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Yujiu Yang , Wai Lam

Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly large language models LLMs, have shown promising capabilities in transforming rare disease research. This survey paper explores the integration of LLMs in the analysis of rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Valentina Carbonari , Pierangelo Veltri , Pietro Hiram Guzzi

Large language models (LLMs) use data to learn about the world in order to produce meaningful correlations and predictions. As such, the nature, scale, quality, and diversity of the datasets used to train these models, or to support their…

High-quality long-context data is essential for training large language models (LLMs) capable of processing extensive documents, yet existing synthesis approaches using relevance-based aggregation face challenges of computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Junlong Jia , Xing Wu , Chaochen Gao , Ziyang Chen , Zijia Lin , Zhongzhi Li , Weinong Wang , Haotian Xu , Donghui Jin , Debing Zhang , Binghui Guo

With the capabilities of understanding and executing natural language instructions, Large language models (LLMs) can potentially act as a powerful tool for textual data augmentation. However, the quality of augmented data depends heavily on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yichuan Li , Kaize Ding , Jianling Wang , Kyumin Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at tackling various natural language tasks. However, due to the significant costs involved in re-training or fine-tuning them, they remain largely static and difficult to personalize. Nevertheless, a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jinheon Baek , Nirupama Chandrasekaran , Silviu Cucerzan , Allen herring , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

As large language models (LLMs) converge towards similar capabilities, the key to advancing their performance lies in identifying and incorporating valuable new information sources. However, evaluating which text collections are worth the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tristan Karch , Luca Engel , Philippe Schwaller , Frédéric Kaplan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their transformative potential across numerous disciplinary studies, reshaping the existing research methodologies and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. However, a systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Lu Xiang , Yang Zhao , Yaping Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have swiftly emerged as vital resources for different applications in the biomedical and healthcare domains; however, these models encounter issues such as generating inaccurate information or hallucinations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Mingchen Li , Halil Kilicoglu , Hua Xu , Rui Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have demonstrated the capability to generate human like, natural responses across a range of tasks, including task oriented dialogue and question answering. However, their application in real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Naheed Rayhan , Md. Ashrafuzzaman

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows enable tasks requiring extensive information integration but are limited by the scarcity of high-quality, diverse datasets for long-context instruction tuning. Existing data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jiaxi Li , Xingxing Zhang , Xun Wang , Xiaolong Huang , Li Dong , Liang Wang , Si-Qing Chen , Wei Lu , Furu Wei

Europe's healthcare systems require enhanced interoperability and digitalization, driving a demand for innovative solutions to process legacy clinical data. This paper presents the results of our project, which aims to leverage Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Aynur Guluzade , Naguib Heiba , Zeyd Boukhers , Florim Hamiti , Jahid Hasan Polash , Yehya Mohamad , Carlos A Velasco

Data augmentation is a widely used strategy to improve model robustness and generalization by enriching training datasets with synthetic examples. While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong generative capabilities for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Dongkyu Cho , Miao Zhang , Rumi Chunara

The pervasive influence of social media during the COVID-19 pandemic has been a double-edged sword, enhancing communication while simultaneously propagating misinformation. This \textit{Digital Infodemic} has highlighted the urgent need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Tanjim Bin Faruk

The rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been a driving force in transforming various domains, reshaping the artificial general intelligence landscape. However, the increasing computational and memory demands of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Tianyu Ding , Tianyi Chen , Haidong Zhu , Jiachen Jiang , Yiqi Zhong , Jinxin Zhou , Guangzhi Wang , Zhihui Zhu , Ilya Zharkov , Luming Liang

Objective: This study aims to summarize the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the process of creating a scientific review. We look at the range of stages in a review that can be automated and assess the current state-of-the-art…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Dmitry Scherbakov , Nina Hubig , Vinita Jansari , Alexander Bakumenko , Leslie A. Lenert

The burgeoning field of Large Language Models (LLMs), exemplified by sophisticated models like OpenAI's ChatGPT, represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence. These models, however, bring forth substantial challenges in…

Making legal knowledge accessible to non-experts is crucial for enhancing general legal literacy and encouraging civic participation in democracy. However, legal documents are often challenging to understand for people without legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Hang Jiang , Xiajie Zhang , Robert Mahari , Daniel Kessler , Eric Ma , Tal August , Irene Li , Alex 'Sandy' Pentland , Yoon Kim , Deb Roy , Jad Kabbara