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Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional performance and vast potential across diverse tasks. However, the deployment of LLMs with high performance in low-resource environments has garnered significant attention in the industry.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Pujiang He , Shan Zhou , Wenhuan Huang , Changqing Li , Duyi Wang , Bin Guo , Chen Meng , Sheng Gui , Weifei Yu , Yi Xie

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have become the standard in accelerating scientific applications on heterogeneous systems. However, as GPUs are getting faster, one potential performance bottleneck with GPU-accelerated applications is the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Jonah Ekelund , Stefano Markidis , Ivy Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown promise in streamlining hardware design processes by encapsulating vast amounts of domain-specific data. In addition, they allow users to interact with the design processes through natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yongan Zhang , Zhongzhi Yu , Yonggan Fu , Cheng Wan , Yingyan Celine Lin

With the development of large language models (LLMs) in the field of programming, intelligent programming coaching systems have gained widespread attention. However, most research focuses on repairing the buggy code of programming learners…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhenlong Dai , Zhuoluo Zhao , Hengning Wang , Xiu Tang , Sai Wu , Chang Yao , Zhipeng Gao , Jingyuan Chen

High performance dense linear algebra (DLA) libraries often rely on a general matrix multiply (Gemm) kernel that is implemented using assembly or with vector intrinsics. In particular, the real-valued Gemm kernels provide the overwhelming…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2017-05-01 Richard Michael Veras , Tze Meng Low , Tyler Michael Smith , Robert van de Geijn , Franz Franchetti

LLM discovery and optimization systems are increasingly applied across domains, implementing a common propose-evaluate-revise loop. Such optimization or discovery progresses via context conditioning on received feedback from an environment.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Dmitry Redko , Albert Fazlyev , Konstantin Sozykin , Maria Ivanova , Evgeny Burnaev , Egor Shvetsov

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are currently state-of-the-art for solving the vast majority of natural language processing tasks. While many real-world applications still require fine-tuning to reach satisfactory levels of…

This work presents CLTune, an auto-tuner for OpenCL kernels. It evaluates and tunes kernel performance of a generic, user-defined search space of possible parameter-value combinations. Example parameters include the OpenCL workgroup size,…

Performance · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Cedric Nugteren , Valeriu Codreanu

Optimizing CUDA kernels is a challenging and labor-intensive task, given the need for hardware-software co-design expertise and the proprietary nature of high-performance kernel libraries. While recent large language models (LLMs) combined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jinwu Chen , Qidie Wu , Bin Li , Lin Ma , Xin Si , Yang Hu , Shouyi Yin , Jun Yang

Specializing large language models (LLMs) for local deployment in domain-specific use cases is necessary for strong performance while meeting latency and privacy constraints. However, conventional task-specific adaptation approaches do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Lanxiang Hu , Tajana Rosing , Hao Zhang

The Kernel Polynomial Method (KPM) is one of the fast diagonalization methods used for simulations of quantum systems in research fields of condensed matter physics and chemistry. The algorithm has a difficulty to be parallelized on a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2011-05-30 Shixun Zhang , Shinichi Yamagiwa , Masahiko Okumura , Seiji Yunoki

Graphics processors, or GPUs, have recently been widely used as accelerators in the shared environments such as clusters and clouds. In such shared environments, many kernels are submitted to GPUs from different users, and throughput is an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-03-22 Jianlong Zhong , Bingsheng He

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates a deep understanding of their fundamental performance limits. This paper investigates the limits of LLM inference, focusing on hardware-imposed bottlenecks in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Michael Davies , Neal Crago , Karthikeyan Sankaralingam , Christos Kozyrakis

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in open-ended scenarios is challenging because existing benchmarks and metrics can not measure them comprehensively. To address this problem, we propose to fine-tune LLMs as scalable judges (JudgeLM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Lianghui Zhu , Xinggang Wang , Xinlong Wang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, such as Large Language Models, are primarily driven and executed by Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). These GPU programs (kernels) consume substantial amounts of energy, yet software developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Saurabhsingh Rajput , Alexander Brandt , Vadim Elisseev , Tushar Sharma

Modern AI workloads rely heavily on optimized computing kernels for both training and inference. These AI kernels follow well-defined data-flow patterns, such as moving tiles between DRAM and SRAM and performing a sequence of computations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Lei Wang , Yu Cheng , Yining Shi , Zhengju Tang , Zhiwen Mo , Wenhao Xie , Lingxiao Ma , Yuqing Xia , Jilong Xue , Fan Yang , Zhi Yang

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods have become critical in scientific applications to help accelerate scientific discovery. Large language models (LLMs) are being considered as a promising approach to address some of the challenging…

Solving quantifier-free non-linear real arithmetic (NRA) problems is a computationally hard task. To tackle this problem, prior work proposed a promising approach based on gradient descent. In this work, we extend their ideas and combine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Christopher Brix , Julia Walczak , Nils Lommen , Thomas Noll

Gaussian Process (GP) kernels are central to Bayesian optimization (BO), yet designing effective kernels for high-dimensional problems still relies on extensive manual engineering. Existing automated approaches struggle in high dimensions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Taeyoung Yun , Woocheol Shin , Inhyuck Song , Jaewoo Lee , Jinkyoo Park

Unit testing plays a pivotal role in software development, improving software quality and reliability. However, generating effective test cases manually is time-consuming, prompting interest in unit testing research. Recently, Large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Ye Shang , Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Siqi Gu , Jianyi Zhou , Zhenyu Chen