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The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is widely employed for multi-beam digital beamforming. The DFT can be efficiently implemented through the use of fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms, thus reducing chip area, power consumption,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-14 A. Madanayake , R. J. Cintra , N. Akram , V. Ariyarathna , S. Mandal , V. A. Coutinho , F. M. Bayer , D. Coelho , T. S. Rappaport

Three-dimensional (3D) spot beamfocusing (SBF), in contrast to conventional angular-domain beamforming, concentrates radiating power within a very small volume in both radial and angular domains in the near-field zone. Recently the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Mohammad Amir Fallah , Mehdi Monemi , Mehdi Rasti , Matti Latva-Aho

Sixth generation (6G) cellular communications are expected to support enhanced wireless localization capabilities. The widespread deployment of large arrays and high-frequency bandwidths give rise to new considerations for localization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-31 Qianyu Yang , Anna Guerra , Francesco Guidi , Nir Shlezinger , Haiyang Zhang , Davide Dardari , Baoyun Wang , Yonina C. Eldar

Deep-learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful machine-learning technique for several classic problems encountered in generic wireless communications. Specifically, random Fourier Features (RFF) based deep-learning has emerged as an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Rangeet Mitra , Georges Kaddoum

Covert communication in wireless networks ensures that transmissions remain undetectable to adversaries, making it a potential enabler for privacy and security in sensitive applications. However, to meet the high performance and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Fatemeh Lotfi , Stefan Roth , Anas Chaaban , Aydin Sezgin

Employing large antenna arrays is a key characteristic of millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz communication systems. However, due to the adoption of fully analog or hybrid analog/digital architectures, as well as non-ideal hardware or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-19 Yu Zhang , Muhammad Alrabeiah , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Future wireless systems are likely to adopt extremely large aperture arrays to achieve higher throughput, wider coverage, and higher spatial resolution. Conventional wireless systems predominantly operate in the far field (FF) of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-10 Shu Sun , Renwang Li , Chong Han , Xingchen Liu , Liuxun Xue , Meixia Tao

Shifting 6G-and-beyond wireless systems to higher frequency bands and the utilization of massive multiple-input multiple-output arrays will extend the near-field region, affecting beamforming and user localization schemes. In this paper, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Nima Mozaffarikhosravi , Prathapasinghe Dharmawansa , Italo Atzeni

The recent demonstration of a real-time direct imaging radio interferometry correlator represents a new capability in radio astronomy. However wide field imaging with this method is challenging since wide-field effects and array…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 James Kent , Adam P. Beardsley , Landman Bester , Steve F. Gull , Bojan Nikolic , Jayce Dowell , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , Greg B. Taylor , Judd Bowman

This paper proposes a deep neural network (DNN) codebook approach for multi-user interference (MUI) mitigation in extremely large multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems operating in the near-field region. Unlike existing DNN-based…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Mohammadhossein Karimi , Yuanzhe Gong , Tho Le-Ngoc

Communication in high frequencies such as millimeter wave and terahertz suffer from high path-loss and intense shadowing which necessitates beamforming for reliable data transmission. On the other hand, at high frequencies the channels are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Abbas Khalili , Sundeep Rangan , Elza Erkip

Beamforming (BF) training is crucial to establishing reliable millimeter-wave communication connections between stations (STAs) and an access point. In IEEE 802.11ad BF training protocol, all STAs contend for limited BF training…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-04 Wen Wu , Nan Cheng , Ning Zhang , Peng Yang , Khalid Aldubaikhy , Xuemin , Shen

This paper considers the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based hybrid beamforming multiuser system and studies the use of analog beam selection schemes. We first analyze the uplink ergodic achievable rates of the zero-forcing (ZF) receiver…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Yu Han , Shi Jin , Jun Zhang , Jiayi Zhang , Kai-Kit Wong

Multiple independent radio frequency (RF) beams find applications in communications, radio astronomy, radar, and microwave imaging. An $N$-point FFT applied spatially across an array of receiver antennas provides $N$-independent RF beams at…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-09 D. Suarez , R. J. Cintra , F. M. Bayer , A. Sengupta , S. Kulasekera , A. Madanayake

Reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) have been suggested as an energy-efficient solution for extremely large-scale arrays. By controlling the amplitude of RHS elements, high-gain directional holographic patterns can be achieved.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Shupei Zhang , Boya Di , Aryan Kaushik , Yonina C. Eldar

The extremely large-scale massive multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) has the potential to achieve boosted spectral efficiency and refined spatial resolution for future wireless networks. However, channel estimation for XL-MIMO is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Chun Huang , Jindan Xu , Wei Xu , Xiaohu You , Chau Yuen , Yijian Chen

Extremely large-scale array (XL-array) is envisioned to achieve super-high spectral efficiency in future wireless networks. Different from the existing works that mostly focus on the near-field communications, we consider in this paper a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-31 Yunpu Zhang , Changsheng You , Li Chen , Beixiong Zheng

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is regarded as a promising technology for next-generation communication systems. However, this will expand the near-field (NF) range, rendering more users more likely to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Zihang Ding , Jianhua Zhang , Changsheng You , Pan Tang , Hongbo Xing , Zhiqiang Yuan , Jie Meng , Guangyi Liu

This paper proposes a new transmission strategy for the multiuser massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, including uplink/downlink channel estimation and user scheduling for data transmission. A discrete Fourier transform…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Hongxiang Xie , Feifei Gao , Shun Zhang , Shi Jin

The high directionality of wave propagation at millimeter-wave (mmWave) carrier frequencies results in only a small number of significant transmission paths between user equipments and the basestation (BS). This sparse nature of wave…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Sueda Taner , Christoph Studer