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This paper presents an experience report on the development of Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using PDF documents as the primary data source. The RAG architecture combines generative capabilities of Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ayman Asad Khan , Md Toufique Hasan , Kai Kristian Kemell , Jussi Rasku , Pekka Abrahamsson

This study presents a method for implementing generative AI services by utilizing the Large Language Models (LLM) application architecture. With recent advancements in generative AI technology, LLMs have gained prominence across various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Cheonsu Jeong

Knowing that the generative capabilities of large language models (LLM) are sometimes hampered by tendencies to hallucinate or create non-factual responses, researchers have increasingly focused on methods to ground generated outputs in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sonal Prabhune , Donald J. Berndt

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being recognised as valuable knowledge communication tools in many industries. However, their application in livestock farming remains limited, being constrained by several factors not least the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Nana Han , Dong Liu , Tomas Norton

As one of the most advanced techniques in AI, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can offer reliable and up-to-date external knowledge, providing huge convenience for numerous tasks. Particularly in the era of AI-Generated Content (AIGC),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Wenqi Fan , Yujuan Ding , Liangbo Ning , Shijie Wang , Hengyun Li , Dawei Yin , Tat-Seng Chua , Qing Li

AI and generative AI tools, including chatbots like ChatGPT that rely on large language models (LLMs), have burst onto the scene this year, creating incredible opportunities to increase work productivity and improve our lives. Statisticians…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Mark Glickman , Yi Zhang

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping modern healthcare by advancing disease diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and biomedical research. Among AI technologies, large language models (LLMs) have become especially impactful, enabling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhengda Wang , Daqian Shi , Jingyi Zhao , Xiaolei Diao , Xiongfeng Tang , Yanguo Qin

Short answer assessment is a vital component of science education, allowing evaluation of students' complex three-dimensional understanding. Large language models (LLMs) that possess human-like ability in linguistic tasks are increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yucheng Chu , Peng He , Hang Li , Haoyu Han , Kaiqi Yang , Yu Xue , Tingting Li , Joseph Krajcik , Jiliang Tang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful application of Large Language Models (LLMs), revolutionizing information search and consumption. RAG systems combine traditional search capabilities with LLMs to generate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Harsh Maheshwari , Srikanth Tenneti , Alwarappan Nakkiran

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in a wide range of tasks, yet their application to specialized domains remains challenging due to the need for deep expertise. Retrieval-Augmented generation (RAG) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qinggang Zhang , Shengyuan Chen , Yuanchen Bei , Zheng Yuan , Huachi Zhou , Zijin Hong , Hao Chen , Yilin Xiao , Chuang Zhou , Junnan Dong , Yi Chang , Xiao Huang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique used to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with contextually relevant, time-critical, or domain-specific information without altering the underlying model parameters. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Laurent Mombaerts , Terry Ding , Adi Banerjee , Florian Felice , Jonathan Taws , Tarik Borogovac

This study applies Large Language Models (LLMs) to two foundational Electronic Health Record (EHR) data science tasks: structured data querying (using programmatic languages, Python/Pandas) and information extraction from unstructured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Juan Jose Rubio Jan , Jack Wu , Julia Ive

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) are a promising approach to structuring knowledge contained within the corpora of research literature produced by large-scale and long-running scientific collaborations. Within experimental particle…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-09 James McGreivy , Blaise Delaney , Anja Beck , Mike Williams

The rapid development of artificial intelligence has led to marked progress in the field. One interesting direction for research is whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can be integrated with structured knowledge-based systems. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Wenli Yang , Lilian Some , Michael Bain , Byeong Kang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

Large Language Models (LLMs) are adept at generating responses based on information within their context. While this ability is useful for interacting with structured data like code files, another popular method, Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mihir Gupte , Paolo Giusto , Ramesh S

The utilization of conversational AI systems by leveraging Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) techniques to solve customer problems has been on the rise with the rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the absence of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Julien Bouvier Tremblay , Xue-Yong Fu , Cheng Chen , Shashi Bhushan TN

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced artificial intelligence by enabling human-like text generation and natural language understanding. However, their reliance on static training data limits their ability to respond to dynamic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Aditi Singh , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei , Athanasios V. Vasilakos

Large Language Models (LLMs) are tools that have become indispensable in development and programming. However, they suffer from hallucinations, especially when dealing with unknown knowledge. This is particularly the case when LLMs are to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Andreas Baumann , Peter Eberhard

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has increasingly shown its power in extending large language models' (LLMs') capability beyond their pre-trained knowledge. Existing works have shown that RAG can help with software development tasks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Jingyi Chen , Songqiang Chen , Jialun Cao , Jiasi Shen , Shing-Chi Cheung
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