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Noisy, intermediate-scale quantum computers come with intrinsic limitations in terms of the number of qubits (circuit "width") and decoherence time (circuit "depth") they can have. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate a recently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Thomas Ayral , François-Marie Le Régent , Zain Saleem , Yuri Alexeev , Martin Suchara

Recently, there has been an emergence of useful applications for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices notably, though not exclusively, in the fields of quantum machine learning and variational quantum algorithms. In such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-26 Ellen Derbyshire , Rawad Mezher , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

Solving differential equations is one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. Recently we proposed an efficient quantum algorithm for solving one-dimensional Poisson equation avoiding the need to perform quantum arithmetic…

Fidelity estimation is a critical yet resource-intensive step in testing quantum programs on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, where the required number of measurements is difficult to predefine due to hardware noise, device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Tingting Li , Ziming Zhao , Jianwei Yin

NISQ (Noisy, Intermediate-Scale Quantum) computing requires error mitigation to achieve meaningful computation. Our compilation tool development focuses on the fact that the error rates of individual qubits are not equal, with a goal of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-04 Shin Nishio , Yulu Pan , Takahiko Satoh , Hideharu Amano , Rodney Van Meter

Currently available quantum computing hardware based on superconducting transmon architectures realizes networks of hundreds of qubits with the possibility of controlled nearest-neighbor interactions. However, the inherent noise and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Andreas Ketterer , Thomas Wellens

Effective methods for characterizing the noise in quantum computing devices are essential for programming and debugging circuit performance. Existing approaches vary in the information obtained as well as the amount of quantum and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-10 Megan L. Dahlhauser , Travis S. Humble

Quantum kernels hold significant promise for achieving computational advantages in quantum machine learning (QML), yet their effectiveness critically depends on the design of expressive and hardware-compatible feature maps, a challenge that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Fanxu Meng , Yuxiang Liu , Lu Wang , Sixuan Li , Xutao Yu , Zaichen Zhang

In the current NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era, simulating and verifying noisy quantum circuits is crucial but faces challenges such as quantum state explosion and complex noise representations, constraining simulation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Mingyu Huang , Ji Guan , Wang Fang , Mingsheng Ying

Quantum computing has proven to be capable of accelerating many algorithms by performing tasks that classical computers cannot. Currently, Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines struggle from scalability and noise issues to render…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Chao Lu , Navnil Choudhury , Utsav Banerjee , Abdullah Ash Saki , Kanad Basu

We outline a proposal to test quantum mechanics in the high-complexity regime using noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The procedure involves simulating a non-Clifford random circuit, followed by its inverse, and then checking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Kevin Slagle

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is vital for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. While most conventional QEM schemes assume discrete gate-based circuits with noise appearing either before or after each gate, the assumptions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-12 Jinzhao Sun , Xiao Yuan , Takahiro Tsunoda , Vlatko Vedral , Simon C. Bejamin , Suguru Endo

We introduce a volumetric benchmark for near-term quantum platforms based on the generation and verification of genuine entanglement across n-qubits using graph states and direct stabilizer measurements. Our benchmark evaluates the…

Quantum computing in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era presents significant challenges in differentiating quantum software bugs from hardware noise. Traditional debugging techniques from classical software engineering cannot…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ahmik Virani , Devraj , Anirudh Suresh , Lei Zhang , M V Panduranga Rao

Recent advances in quantum technology have enabled the simulation of quantum many-body systems on real quantum devices. However, such quantum simulators are inherently subject to decoherence, and its impact on system dynamics - particularly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Yuta Hirasaki , Toshinari Itoko , Naoki Kanazawa , Eiji Saitoh

Crosstalk and several sources of operational interference are invisible when qubit or a gate is calibrated or benchmarked in isolation. These are unlocked during the execution of full quantum circuit applying entangling gates to several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Muhammad Ahsan

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) offer the most promising path to obtaining quantum advantages via noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors. Such systems leverage classical optimization to tune the parameters of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Sharu Theresa Jose , Osvaldo Simeone

State-of-the-art noisy-intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors are currently implemented across a variety of hardware platforms, each with their own distinct gatesets. As such, circuit compilation should not only be aware of, but also…

Band bending is a central concept in solid-state physics that arises from local variations in charge distribution especially near semiconductor interfaces and surfaces. Its precision measurement is vital in a variety of contexts from the…

State-of-the-art noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers require low-complexity techniques for the mitigation of computational errors inflicted by quantum decoherence. Symmetry verification constitutes a class of quantum error mitigation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-30 Yifeng Xiong , Daryus Chandra , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo