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Spatial quantum enhancement effects are studied under a unified framework. It is shown that the multiphoton absorption rate of photons with a quantum-enhanced lithographic resolution is reduced, not enhanced, contrary to popular belief. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mankei Tsang

Time-dependent nonlinear media, such as rapidly generated plasmas produced via laser ionization of gases, can increase the energy of individual laser photons and generate tunable high-order harmonic pulses. This phenomenon, known as photon…

Physical systems with material properties modulated in time provide versatile routes for designing magnetless nonreciprocal devices. Traditionally, nonreciprocity in such systems is achieved exploiting both temporal and spatial modulations,…

This paper introduces temporal Bragg gratings as a new class of broadband, reconfigurable parametric amplifiers. We present a comprehensive investigation of power amplification in temporal Bragg gratings, spatially periodic structures with…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-15 Sajjad Taravati

Despite the abundance and importance of three-dimensional systems, relatively little progress has been made on spatiotemporal nonlinear optical waves compared to time-only or space-only systems. Here we study radiation emitted by…

The realization of photonic time crystals is a major opportunity but also comes with significant challenges. The most pressing one, potentially, is the requirement for a substantial modulation strength in the material properties to create a…

Recently, the spectral manipulation of single photons has been achieved through spatial-temporal modulation of the optical refractive index. Here, we generalize this mechanism to massive particles, i.e. realizing the acceleration or…

Optics · Physics 2022-04-26 Mai Zhang , Xie-hang Yu , Xin-Biao Xu , Guang-Can Guo , Chang-Ling Zou

This paper presents a temporal paraxial formulation for the propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in time-modulated media with slowly varying refractive index. By deriving the paraxial wave equation directly in the time domain from the…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-29 Antonio Alex-Amor , Carlos Molero

Time has emerged as a new degree of freedom for metamaterials, promising new pathways in wave control. However, electromagnetism suffers from limitations in the modulation speed of material parameters. Here we argue that these limitations…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-11-20 E. Galiffi , P. A. Huidobro , J. B. Pendry

The behavior of electromagnetic waves in media modulated in both time and space, extensively studied decades ago, has recently attracted renewed attention. In this work, we address a central question of this research: can light at an…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-24 M. Sumetsky

By adiabatically manipulating tunneling amplitudes of cold atoms in a periodic potential with a multiple sublattice structure, we are able to coherently transfer atoms from a sublattice to another without populating the intermediate…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-01-20 Shintaro Taie , Tomohiro Ichinose , Hideki Ozawa , Yoshiro Takahashi

We prove the possibility of achieving non-reciprocal wave propagation in space-time modulated media and give an asymptotic analysis of the non-reciprocity property in terms of the amplitude of the time-modulation. Such modulation causes a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-09-16 Habib Ammari , Jinghao Cao , Erik Orvehed Hiltunen

The behavior of electromagnetic waves in a medium modulated in time and space, largely investigated decades ago, has recently attracted renewed interest. Here, we solve an intriguing problem of this research: can light with an initial…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-27 M. Sumetsky

We experimentally investigate the propagation of optical pulses through a fast-light medium with competing absorption and gain. The combination of strong absorption and optical amplification in a potassium-based four-wave mixing process…

Optics · Physics 2018-05-09 Jon D. Swaim , Ryan T. Glasser

Amplification/attenuation of light waves in artificial materials with a gain/loss modulation on the wavelength scale can be sensitive to the propagation direction. We give a numerical proof of the high anisotropy of the gain/loss in two…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 N. Kumar , M. Botey , R. Herrero , Yu. Loiko , K. Staliunas

We experimentally demonstrate simultaneous spatial and temporal compression in the propagation of light pulses in multimode nonlinear optical fibers. We reveal that the spatial beam self-cleaning recently discovered in graded-index…

Multimode fibers (MMFs) have recently reemerged as attractive avenues for nonlinear effects due to their high-dimensional spatiotemporal nonlinear dynamics and scalability for high power. High-brightness MMF sources with effective control…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-07 Tong Qiu , Honghao Cao , Kunzan Liu , Li-Yu Yu , Manuel Levy , Eva Lendaro , Fan Wang , Sixian You

We investigate optical nonlinear interactions in a dynamic environment by studying generation of photons in spontaneous parametric down conversion inside a nonlinear cavity where the optical path length is periodically modulated in time. We…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-16 Usman A. Javid , Qiang Lin

The ability to create linear systems that manifest broadband nonreciprocal wave propagation would provide for exquisite control over acoustic signals for electronic filtering in communication and noise control. Until now, acoustic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Aritra Sasmal , Nathan Geib , Karl Grosh

A simple and general formalism for mode coupling by a spatial, temporal or spatiotemporal perturbation in dispersive materials is developed. This formalism can be used for studying various linear and non-linear optical interactions…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-19 Brenda Dana , Lilya Lobachinsky , Alon Bahabad