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We present a novel deep neural architecture for learning electroencephalogram (EEG). To learn the spatial information, our model first obtains the Riemannian mean and distance from spatial covariance matrices (SCMs) on a Riemannian…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Guangyi Zhang , Ali Etemad

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an essential technique for neuroscience research and brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. Recently, large-scale EEG foundation models have been developed, exhibiting robust generalization capabilities…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Zhige Chen , Chengxuan Qin , Wenlong You , Rui Liu , Congying Chu , Rui Yang , Kay Chen Tan , Jibin Wu

This work investigates the predictive potential of bipolar electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings towards efficient prediction of poor neurological outcomes. A retrospective design using a hybrid deep learning approach is utilized to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Hemin Ali Qadir , Naimahmed Nesaragi , Per Steiner Halvorsen , Ilangko Balasingham

Self-initiated attention shifts play a critical role in voluntary behavior but are difficult to study due to the absence of explicit temporal markers. While previous studies have examined their neural correlates, it remains unclear how…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Yuwen Zeng , Dengzhe Hou , Zhang Zhang , Sai Sun , Yongsong Huang , Chia-huei Tseng , Satoshi Shioiri

Epileptic seizure detection from EEG signals remains challenging due to the high dimensionality and nonlinear, potentially stochastic, dynamics of neural activity. In this work, we investigate whether features derived from topological data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sunia Tanweer , Narayan Puthanmadam Subramaniyam , Firas A. Khasawneh

Vision transformers have shown excellent performance in computer vision tasks. As the computation cost of their self-attention mechanism is expensive, recent works tried to replace the self-attention mechanism in vision transformers with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Zimian Wei , Hengyue Pan , Lujun Li , Menglong Lu , Xin Niu , Peijie Dong , Dongsheng Li

Electroencephalograph (EEG) timeseries signals are characterized by significant noise and coarse spatial resolution, which complicates the classification of neurodegenerative diseases. Even SOTA deep learning architectures struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Tawsik Jawad , Gowtham Atluri , Vikram Ravindra

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide, underscoring the importance of accurate and scalable diagnostic systems. Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is central to detecting cardiac abnormalities, yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Md. Sajeebul Islam Sk. , Md Jobayer , Md Mehedi Hasan Shawon , Md. Golam Raibul Alam

Electroencephalography (EEG) has wide-ranging applications, from clinical diagnosis to brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). With the increasing volume and variety of EEG data, there has been growing interest in establishing foundation models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zitao Fang , Chenxuan Li , Hongting Zhou , Shuyang Yu , Guodong Du , Ashwaq Qasem , Yang Lu , Jing Li , Junsong Zhang , Sim Kuan Goh

Deep learning provides an excellent avenue for optimizing diagnosis and patient monitoring for clinical-based applications, which can critically enhance the response time to the onset of various conditions. For cardiovascular disease, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Ankur Samanta , Mark Karlov , Meghna Ravikumar , Christian McIntosh Clarke , Jayakumar Rajadas , Kaveh Hassani

For many years now, understanding the brain mechanism has been a great research subject in many different fields. Brain signal processing and especially electroencephalogram (EEG) has recently known a growing interest both in academia and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-18 Victor Delvigne , Hazem Wannous , Jean-Philippe Vandeborre , Laurence Ris , Thierry Dutoit

Electroencephalography (EEG) interpretation using multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offers a novel approach for analyzing brain signals. However, the complex nature of brain activity introduces critical challenges: EEG signals…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Ziyi Zeng , Zhenyang Cai , Yixi Cai , Xidong Wang , Junying Chen , Rongsheng Wang , Yipeng Liu , Siqi Cai , Benyou Wang , Zhiguo Zhang , Haizhou Li

The progression of deep learning and the widespread adoption of sensors have facilitated automatic multi-view fusion (MVF) about the cardiovascular system (CVS) signals. However, prevalent MVF model architecture often amalgamates CVS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Qihan Hu , Daomiao Wang , Hong Wu , Jian Liu , Cuiwei Yang

We investigate how both the adaptation of a generic foundation model via transfer learning and the integration of complementary modalities from the operating room (OR) can support surgical data science. To this end, we use V-JEPA as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Simon Pezold , Jérôme A. Kurylec , Jan S. Liechti , Beat P. Müller , Joël L. Lavanchy

Different categories of visual stimuli activate different responses in the human brain. These signals can be captured with EEG for utilization in applications such as Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). However, accurate classification of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Subhranil Bagchi , Deepti R. Bathula

Attention is a vital cognitive process in the learning and memory environment, particularly in the context of online learning. Traditional methods for classifying attention states of online learners based on behavioral signals are prone to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Huan Liu , Yuzhe Zhang , Guanjian Liu , Xinxin Du , Haochong Wang , Dalin Zhang

Developing foundation models for electroencephalography (EEG) remains challenging due to the signal's low signal-to-noise ratio and complex spectro-temporal non-stationarity. Existing approaches often overlook the hierarchical latent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Mingzhe Cui , Tao Chen , Yang Jiao , Yiqin Wang , Lei Xie , Yi Pan , Luca Mainardi

Electroencephalografic (EEG) data are complex multi-dimensional time-series that are very useful in many applications, from diagnostics to driving brain-computer interface systems. Their classification is still a challenging task, due to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-30 Alberto Zancanaro , Giulia Cisotto , Italo Zoppis , Sara Lucia Manzoni

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals provide critical insights for applications in disease diagnosis and healthcare. However, the scarcity of labeled EEG data poses a significant challenge. Foundation models offer a promising solution by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Limin Wang , Toyotaro Suzumura , Hiroki Kanezashi

Auditory attention detection (AAD) aims to detect the target speaker in a multi-talker environment from brain signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG), which has made great progress. However, most AAD methods solely utilize attention…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Lu Li , Cunhang Fan , Hongyu Zhang , Jingjing Zhang , Xiaoke Yang , Jian Zhou , Zhao Lv