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Artificial intelligence has demonstrated remarkable capability in predicting scientific properties, yet scientific discovery remains an inherently physical, long-horizon pursuit governed by experimental cycles. Most current computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Xiang Zhuang , Chenyi Zhou , Kehua Feng , Zhihui Zhu , Yunfan Gao , Yijie Zhong , Yichi Zhang , Junjie Huang , Keyan Ding , Lei Bai , Haofen Wang , Qiang Zhang , Huajun Chen

Scientific discovery is being revolutionized by AI and autonomous systems, yet current autonomous laboratories remain isolated islands unable to collaborate across institutions. We present the Autonomous Interconnected Science Lab Ecosystem…

Recent advances in machine learning and AI, including Generative AI and LLMs, are disrupting technological innovation, product development, and society as a whole. AI's contribution to technology can come from multiple approaches that…

Scientific discovery is a complex cognitive process that has driven human knowledge and technological progress for centuries. While artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant advances in automating aspects of scientific reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chandan K Reddy , Parshin Shojaee

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has led to expectations of transformative impact on science, yet current systems remain fundamentally limited in enabling genuine scientific discovery. This perspective contends that progress…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Karthik Duraisamy

Modern scientific discovery increasingly requires coordinating distributed facilities and heterogeneous resources, forcing researchers to act as manual workflow coordinators rather than scientists. Advances in AI leading to AI agents show…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Woong Shin , Renan Souza , Daniel Rosendo , Frédéric Suter , Feiyi Wang , Prasanna Balaprakash , Rafael Ferreira da Silva

Scientific discovery is poised for rapid advancement through advanced robotics and artificial intelligence. Current scientific practices face substantial limitations as manual experimentation remains time-consuming and resource-intensive,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Pengsong Zhang , Heng Zhang , Huazhe Xu , Renjun Xu , Zhenting Wang , Cong Wang , Animesh Garg , Zhibin Li , Arash Ajoudani , Xinyu Liu

The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Scientist represents a paradigm shift in scientific discovery, with large language models (LLMs) taking the lead as the primary executor in the entire scientific workflow from idea generation to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Minjun Zhu , Qiujie Xie , Yixuan Weng , Jian Wu , Zhen Lin , Linyi Yang , Yue Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in scientific research and discovery, supporting tasks ranging from literature retrieval and synthesis to hypothesis generation, autonomous experimentation, and research evaluation.…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Haoxuan Zhang , Ruochi Li , Yang Zhang , Ting Xiao , Jiangping Chen , Junhua Ding , Haihua Chen

The cognitive sciences aim to understand intelligence by formalizing underlying operations as computational models. Traditionally, this follows a cycle of discovery where researchers develop paradigms, collect data, and test predefined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Akshay K. Jagadish , Milena Rmus , Kristin Witte , Marvin Mathony , Marcel Binz , Eric Schulz

Artificial intelligence is undergoing a profound transition from a computational instrument to an autonomous originator of scientific knowledge. This emerging paradigm, the AI scientist, is architected to emulate the complete scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guiyao Tie , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

In this paper, we argue that the future of Artificial Intelligence research resides in two keywords: integration and embodiment. We support this claim by analyzing the recent advances of the field. Regarding integration, we note that the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Clément Moulin-Frier , Jordi-Ysard Puigbò , Xerxes D. Arsiwalla , Martì Sanchez-Fibla , Paul F. M. J. Verschure

The powerful reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematics and coding, combined with their ability to automate complex tasks through agentic frameworks, present unprecedented opportunities for accelerating scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiabin Tang , Lianghao Xia , Zhonghang Li , Chao Huang

Embodied artificial intelligence (Embodied AI) plays a pivotal role in the application of advanced technologies in the intelligent era, where AI systems are integrated with physical bodies that enable them to perceive, reason, and interact…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zhaohan Feng , Ruiqi Xue , Lei Yuan , Yang Yu , Ning Ding , Meiqin Liu , Bingzhao Gao , Jian Sun , Xinhu Zheng , Gang Wang

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the practice of science. Machine learning and large language models (LLMs) can generate hypotheses at a scale and speed far exceeding traditional methods, offering the potential to accelerate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Cristina Cornelio , Takuya Ito , Ryan Cory-Wright , Sanjeeb Dash , Lior Horesh

Embodied AI for Science (EAI4S) brings intelligence into the laboratory by uniting perception, reasoning, and robotic action to autonomously run experiments in the physical world. For the Global South, this shift is not about adopting…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Shaoshan Liu , Jie Tang , Marwa S. Hassan , Mohamed H. Sharkawy , Moustafa M. G. Fouda , Tiewei Shang , Zixin Wang

The scientific research paradigm is undergoing a profound transformation owing to the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Recent works demonstrate that various AI-assisted research methods can largely improve research efficiency by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Jiakang Yuan , Xiangchao Yan , Shiyang Feng , Bo Zhang , Tao Chen , Botian Shi , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao , Lei Bai , Bowen Zhou

Artificial intelligence and machine learning are reshaping how we approach scientific discovery, not by replacing established methods but by extending what researchers can probe, predict, and design. In this roadmap we provide a…

The emergence of Self-Driving Laboratories (SDLs) transforms scientific discovery methodology by integrating AI with robotic automation to create closed-loop experimental systems capable of autonomous hypothesis generation, experimentation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Zihan Zhang , Haohui Que , Junhan Chang , Xin Zhang , Hao Wei , Tong Zhu

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping scientific discovery, evolving from specialized computational tools into autonomous research partners. We position Agentic Science as a pivotal stage within the broader AI for Science paradigm,…

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