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Diffusion models accomplish remarkable success in data generation tasks across various domains. However, the iterative sampling process is computationally expensive. Consistency models are proposed to learn consistency functions to map from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Yiding Chen , Yiyi Zhang , Owen Oertell , Wen Sun

Decentralized optimization has become a fundamental tool for large-scale learning systems; however, most existing methods rely on the classical Lipschitz smoothness assumption, which is often violated in problems with rapidly varying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Yanan Bo , Yongqiang Wang

Score-based diffusion models generate samples from an unknown target distribution using a time-reversed diffusion process. While such models represent state-of-the-art approaches in industrial applications such as artificial image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Adrian Baule

Generative diffusion models have emerged as a powerful class of models in machine learning, yet a unified theoretical understanding of their operation is still developing. This paper provides an integrated perspective on generative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-27 Dejan Stancevic , Luca Ambrogioni

Score-based diffusion models learn to reverse a stochastic differential equation that maps data to noise. However, for complex tasks, numerical error can compound and result in highly unnatural samples. Previous work mitigates this drift…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-12 Aaron Lou , Stefano Ermon

Adjusting the learning rate schedule in stochastic gradient methods is an important unresolved problem which requires tuning in practice. If certain parameters of the loss function such as smoothness or strong convexity constants are known,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-23 Xiaoxia Wu , Rachel Ward , Léon Bottou

A graph generative model defines a distribution over graphs. One type of generative model is constructed by autoregressive neural networks, which sequentially add nodes and edges to generate a graph. However, the likelihood of a graph under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-15 Xiaohui Chen , Xu Han , Jiajing Hu , Francisco J. R. Ruiz , Liping Liu

Due to the poor generalization performance of traditional empirical risk minimization (ERM) in the case of distributional shift, Out-of-Distribution (OoD) generalization algorithms receive increasing attention. However, OoD generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Runpeng Yu , Hong Zhu , Kaican Li , Lanqing Hong , Rui Zhang , Nanyang Ye , Shao-Lun Huang , Xiuqiang He

Since their invention, generative adversarial networks (GANs) have become a popular approach for learning to model a distribution of real (unlabeled) data. Convergence problems during training are overcome by Wasserstein GANs which minimize…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-06 Henning Petzka , Asja Fischer , Denis Lukovnicov

This paper considers the problem of unconstrained minimization of smooth convex functions having Lipschitz continuous gradients with known Lipschitz constant. We recently proposed an optimized gradient method (OGM) for this problem and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-14 Donghwan Kim , Jeffrey A. Fessler

We introduce an approach for analyzing the responses of dynamical systems to external perturbations that combines score-based generative modeling with the Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem (GFDT). The methodology enables accurate…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-11-11 Ludovico Theo Giorgini , Katherine Deck , Tobias Bischoff , Andre Souza

Pairwise Markov Random Fields (MRFs) or undirected graphical models are parsimonious representations of joint probability distributions. Variables correspond to nodes of a graph, with edges between nodes corresponding to conditional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-18 Eric Janofsky

Bilevel programming has recently received a great deal of attention due to its abundant applications in many areas. The optimal value function approach provides a useful reformulation of the bilevel problem, but its utility is often limited…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Jan Harold Alcantara , Akiko Takeda

Functional linear regression is one of the fundamental and well-studied methods in functional data analysis. In this work, we investigate the functional linear regression model within the context of reproducing kernel Hilbert space by…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-12 Naveen Gupta , S. Sivananthan , Bharath K. Sriperumbudur

Many probabilistic models that have an intractable normalizing constant may be extended to contain covariates. Since the evaluation of the exact likelihood is difficult or even impossible for these models, score matching was proposed to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-21 Jiazhen Xu , Janice L. Scealy , Andrew T. A. Wood , Tao Zou

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Bowen Jing , Gabriele Corso , Renato Berlinghieri , Tommi Jaakkola

This paper presents a margin-based multiclass generalization bound for neural networks that scales with their margin-normalized "spectral complexity": their Lipschitz constant, meaning the product of the spectral norms of the weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Peter Bartlett , Dylan J. Foster , Matus Telgarsky

Score-based diffusion modeling is a generative machine learning algorithm that can be used to sample from complex distributions. They achieve this by learning a score function, i.e., the gradient of the log-probability density of the data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Dibyajyoti Chakraborty , Haiwen Guan , Jason Stock , Troy Arcomano , Guido Cervone , Romit Maulik

Reversing a diffusion process by learning its score forms the heart of diffusion-based generative modeling and for estimating properties of scientific systems. The diffusion processes that are tractable center on linear processes with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Raghav Singhal , Mark Goldstein , Rajesh Ranganath

Robust risk minimisation has several advantages: it has been studied with regards to improving the generalisation properties of models and robustness to adversarial perturbation. We bound the distributionally robust risk for a model class…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-06 Zac Cranko , Simon Kornblith , Zhan Shi , Richard Nock