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The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly impacted various domains, including natural language processing (NLP) and image generation, by making complex computational tasks more accessible. While LLMs demonstrate impressive…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ananya Rahaman , Anny Zheng , Mostafa Milani , Fei Chiang , Rachel Pottinger

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external tools has emerged as a promising approach to extend their utility, enabling them to solve practical tasks. Previous methods manually parse tool documentation and create in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zhengliang Shi , Shen Gao , Lingyong Yan , Yue Feng , Xiuyi Chen , Zhumin Chen , Dawei Yin , Suzan Verberne , Zhaochun Ren

While large language models (LLMs) have advanced the development of general-purpose agents, achieving robust generalization to unseen tasks remains a significant challenge. Current approaches typically rely on either fine-tuning or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Thomas Palmeira Ferraz , Romain Deffayet , Vassilina Nikoulina , Hervé Déjean , Stéphane Clinchant

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate extraordinary abilities in a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. In this paper, we show that, beyond text understanding capability, LLMs are capable of processing text layouts that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Weiming Li , Manni Duan , Dong An , Yan Shao

Utilizing large language models (LLMs) for tool planning has emerged as a promising avenue for developing general AI systems, where LLMs automatically schedule external tools (e.g., vision models) to tackle complex tasks based on task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Duo Wu , Jinghe Wang , Yuan Meng , Yanning Zhang , Le Sun , Zhi Wang

Large Language Model-based agents have garnered significant attention and are becoming increasingly popular. Furthermore, planning ability is a crucial component of an LLM-based agent, which generally entails achieving a desired goal from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Mengkang Hu , Pu Zhao , Can Xu , Qingfeng Sun , Jianguang Lou , Qingwei Lin , Ping Luo , Saravan Rajmohan

Deploying large language models (LLMs) to real scenarios for domain-specific question answering (QA) is a key thrust for LLM applications, which poses numerous challenges, especially in ensuring that responses are both accommodating to user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yichi Zhang , Zhuo Chen , Yin Fang , Yanxi Lu , Fangming Li , Wen Zhang , Huajun Chen

As large language models (LLMs) are applied across diverse domains, the ability to selectively unlearn specific information is becoming increasingly essential. For instance, LLMs are expected to selectively provide confidential information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shota Takashiro , Takeshi Kojima , Andrew Gambardella , Qi Cao , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

Large language models (LLMs) draw on both contextual information and parametric memory, yet these sources can conflict. Prior studies have largely examined this issue in contextual question answering, implicitly assuming that tasks should…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kaiser Sun , Fan Bai , Mark Dredze

Previous work has showcased the intriguing capability of large language models (LLMs) in retrieving facts and processing context knowledge. However, only limited research exists on the layer-wise capability of LLMs to encode knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Tianjie Ju , Weiwei Sun , Wei Du , Xinwei Yuan , Zhaochun Ren , Gongshen Liu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) show promise for embodied planning tasks but struggle with complex scenarios involving unfamiliar environments and multi-step goals. Current approaches rely on environment-agnostic imitation learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Junhao Shi , Zhaoye Fei , Siyin Wang , Qipeng Guo , Jingjing Gong , Xipeng Qiu

Adapting general large language models (LLMs) to specialized domains presents great challenges due to varied data distributions. This adaptation typically requires continual pre-training on massive domain-specific corpora to facilitate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jinhao Jiang , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yang Song , Tao Zhang , Ji-Rong Wen

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across a variety of tasks, yet they are often affected by hallucinations and the timeliness of knowledge. Leveraging knowledge graphs (KGs) as external knowledge sources has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Siyuan Fang , Kaijing Ma , Tianyu Zheng , Xinrun Du , Ningxuan Lu , Ge Zhang , Qingkun Tang

Despite many advances in knowledge engineering (KE), challenges remain in areas such as engineering knowledge graphs (KGs) at scale, keeping up with evolving domain knowledge, multilingualism, and multimodality. Recently, KE has used LLMs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Elisavet Koutsiana , Johanna Walker , Michelle Nwachukwu , Bohui Zhang , Albert Meroño-Peñuela , Elena Simperl

Language models (LLMs) offer potential as a source of knowledge for agents that need to acquire new task competencies within a performance environment. We describe efforts toward a novel agent capability that can construct cues (or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 James R. Kirk , Robert E. Wray , Peter Lindes , John E. Laird

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly changing how researchers in materials science and chemistry discover, organize, and act on scientific knowledge. This paper analyzes a broad set of community-developed LLM applications in an effort…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-06 Aritra Roy , Kevin Shen , Andrew MacBride , Awwal Oladipupo , Mudassra Taskeen , Wojtek Treyde , Ruaa A. E. A. Abakar , Ahmad D. Abbas , Elsayed Abdelfatah , Abbas A. Abdullahi , Seham S. Abyah , Chahd Rahyl Adjmi , Fariha Agbere , Savyasanchi Aggarwal , Muhammad Ahmed , Tasnim Ahmed , Motasem Ajlouni , Mattias Akke , Hussein AlAdwan , Anwaar S. Alazani , Zahra A. Alharbi , Wajd A. Aljulyhi , Mohammed A. AlKubaish , Fatima A. Almahri , Sayed A. Almohri , David Obeh Alobo , Mohammed Alouni , Azizah S. Alqahtani , Omar Alsaigh , Husain Althagafi , Md. Aqib Aman , Lena Ara , Arifin , Ignacio Arretche , Abdulaziz Ashy , Syeda A. Asim , Amro Aswad , Adeel Atta , Sören Auer , Abdullah al Azmi , Toheeb Balogun , Suvo Banik , Viktoriia Baibakova , Shakira A. Baksh , Neus G. Bastús , Christina J. Bayard , Adib Bazgir , Louis Beal , Lejla Biberić , Wahid Billah , Ankita Biswas , Joshua Bocarsly , Montassar T. Bouzidi , Esma B. Boydas , Youssef Briki , Cailin Buchanan , Mauricio Cafiero , Damien Caliste , Yi Cao , Rafael E. Castañeda , Sruthy K. Chandy , Benjamin Charmes , Shayantan Chaudhuri , Yiming Chen , Alexander Chen , Jieneng Chen , Min-Hsueh Chiu , Defne Circi , Cinthya H. Contreras , Yoann Cure , Nathan Daelman , Roshini Dantuluri , Thomas Davy , William Dawson , Leonid Didukh , Rui Ding , Aminu R. Doguwa , Claudia Draxl , Sathya Edamadaka , Oulaya Elargab , Christina Ertural , Matthew L. Evans , Edvin Fako , Hossam Farag , Nur A. Fathurrahman , Merve Fedai , Rodrigo P. Ferreira , Giuseppe Fisicaro , Thomas Frank , Sasi K. Gaddipati , Abhijeet Gangan , Jennifer Garland , James Garrick , Luigi Genovese , Maryam Ghadrdran , Sandip Giri , Maxime Goulet , Jeremy Goumaz , Sara U. Gracia , Jacob Graham , Gabriel Graves , Kevin P. Greenman , Tim Greitemeier , Cameron Gruich , Sophie Gu , Salomé Guilbert , Hans Gundlach , Muriel F. Gusta , Mourad El Haddaoui , Alexander J. Haibel , Anubhab Haldar , Vehaan Handa , Hassan Harb , Nathan D. Harms , Abdullah Al Hasan , Abir Hassan , Qiyao He , Andrés Henao-Aristizábal , Bram Hoex , Sungil Hong , Alexander J. Horvath , Md. Shaib Hossain , Yanqi Huang , Yuqing Huang , Kostiantyn Hubaiev , Donald Intal , Katherine Inzani , Kevin Ishimwe , Tugba Isik , Gopal R. Iyer , Katharina Jager , Jan Janssen , Hyewon Jeong , Michael Jirasek , Tyler R. Josephson , Nisarg Joshi , Yassir Ben Kacem , Remya A. M. Kalapurakal , Rakesh R. Kamath , Sugan Kanagasenthinathan , Dohun Kang , Jason Kantorow , Kübra Kaygisiz , Murat Keceli , Farhana Keya , Muhammad U. Khan , Sartaaj Takrim Khan , Hyungjun Kim , Alexander Kister , Sascha Klawohn , Collin Kovacs , Pranav Krishnan , Maurycy Kryzanowski , Ritesh Kumar , Suman Kumari , Gourav Kumbhojkar , Ryo Kuroki , Shashank Kushwaha , Magdalena Lederbauer , Jaejun Lee , Seunghan Lee , Jeonghwan Lee , Bingcan Li , Calvin Li , Zhanzhao Li , Shi Li , Shicheng Li , Chengyan Liu , Hao Liu , Tung Yan Liu , Yutong Liu , Lucia Vina-Lopez , Chayaphol Lortaraparsert , Andre K. Y. Low , Saffron Luxford , Carlos Madariaga , Rishikesh Magar , Piyush R. Maharana , Rahul Mallela , Shoaib Mahmud , Natesan Mani , Umair Mansoor , Omar B. Mansour , Cassandra Masschelein , Kinga O. Mastej , Ankit Mathanker , Jeffrey Meng , Omran Mezghani , Yidong Ming , Rishav Mitra , Michail Mitsakis , Matthew Miyagishima , Ravikumar Mohan , Naveen R. Mohanraj , Trupti Mohanty , Bernadette Mohr , Francisco A. Molina-Bakhos , Jeremy Monat , Seyed Mohamad Moosavi , Shayan Mousavi , Arman Moussavi , Rubel Mozumber , Muhammad J. Mufti , Diyana Muhammed , Ram Munde , Mrigi Munjal , José A. Márquez , Shankha Nag , Giacomo Nagaro , Juno Nam , Jose M. Napoles-Duarte , Ry Nduma , Xuan-Vu Nguyen , Ebrahim Norouzi , Oluwatosin Ohiro , Ryotaro Okabe , Viejay Ordillo , Shuichiro Ozawa , Sebastian Pagel , Daniel Palmer , Angela Pan , Akash Pandey , Vivek Pandit , Prakul Pandit , Chiku Parida , Jaehee Park , Hyunsoo Park , Hemangi Patel , Shakul Pathak , Taradutt Pattnaik , Elena Patyukova , Noah Paulson , Deepak S. Pendyala , Erick S. Pepek , Martin H. Petersen , Thang D. Pham , Aniket Phutane , Sabila K. Pinky , Étienne Polack , Alison Polasik , Maria Politi , Tim Pongratz , Akhila Ponugoti , Fabio Priante , Thomas Michael Pruyn , Sai S. Puppala , Mohammad A. Qazi , Heike Quosdorf , Gollam Rabby , Mohammad J. Raei , Md. Habibur Rahman , A. B. M. Ashikur Rahman , Subhashree Rajasekaran , Tawfiqur Rakib , Hemanth N. Ramesh , Vrushali Ranadive , Karnamohit Ranka , Bojana Rankovic , Adwaith Ravichandran , Ilija Rašović , Sergei Rigin , Tatem Rios , Varun Rishi , Victor Naden Robinson , Lucas S. Rodrigues , Oswaldo Rodriguez , Mahule Roy , Diptendu Roy , Subhas Roy , Arokia Anto Royan M , Joseph F. Rudzinski , Muhammad Sabih , Subramanyam Sahoo , Srusti Bheem Sain , Thahira Saliya , Vignesh Sampath , Jesus Diaz Sanchez , Arthur S. S. Santos , Muliady Satria , Hasan M. Sayeed , Jörg Schaarschmidt , Philippe Schwaller , Nofit Segal , Abhishec Senthilvel , Sherjeel Shabih , Devanshu Shah , Faezeh Shahmoradi , Samiha Sharlin , Killian Sheriff , Qiuyu Shi , Abubakar D. Shuaibu , Ayesha Siddiqua , M. A. Shadab Siddiqui , Darian Smalley , Benjamin Smith , Taylor D. Sparks , Daniel T. Speckhard , Elena Stojanovska , Akshay Subramanian , Jiwon Sun , Yunkai Sun , Abdul W. Syed , Souvik Ta , Izumi Takahara , Kelly Tallau , Guannan Tang , Ans B. Tariq , Sui X. Tay , Nurlybek Temirbay , Surya P. Tiwari , Febin Tom , Tajah Trapier , Kasidet J. Trerayapiwat , Samanvya Tripathi , Hawra H. Tuhaifa , Mustafa Unal , Mohammad Uzair , Vallabh Vasudevan , Estefania Vazquez , Victor Venturi , Rahul Verma , Ashwini Verma , Alvaro Vazquez-Mayagoitia , Nicholas Wagner , Araki Wakiuchi , Hao Wan , Liaoyaqi Wang , Wolfgang Wenzel , Alexander Wieczorek , Sze H. Wong , Yue Wu , Tong Xie , Andrew Yi , Ziqi Yin , Jodie A. Yuwono , Nahed A. Zaid , Mohd Zaki , Shehtab Zaman , Maimuna U. Zarewa , Mahtab Zehtab , Baosen Zhang , Wenyu Zhang , Melody Zhang , Yangfan Zhang , Yuwen Zhang , Runze Zhang , Zongmin Zhang , Huanhuan Zhao , Yuanlong Bill Zheng , Ramzi Zidani , Xue Zong , Ian Foster , Ben Blaiszik

As multiple crises threaten the sustainability of our societies and pose at risk the planetary boundaries, complex challenges require timely, updated, and usable information. Natural-language processing (NLP) tools enhance and expand data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Francesca Larosa , Sergio Hoyas , H. Alberto Conejero , Javier Garcia-Martinez , Francesco Fuso Nerini , Ricardo Vinuesa

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved notable performance in code synthesis; however, data-aware augmentation remains a limiting factor, handled via heuristic design or brute-force approaches. We introduce a performance-aware,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Usha Shrestha , Dmitry Ignatov , Radu Timofte

Large language models (LLMs) encode extensive world knowledge through pre-training on massive datasets, which can then be fine-tuned for the question-answering (QA) task. However, effective strategies for fine-tuning LLMs for the QA task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Junjie Ye , Yuming Yang , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan