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Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used non-invasive technique for measuring brain activity in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. Supervised EEG decoding models often struggle to generalize across tasks, subjects, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ayse Betul Yuce , Sebastian Stober

Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely researched for neural decoding in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) as it is non-invasive, portable, and economical. However, EEG signals suffer from inter- and intra-subject variability, leading to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-25 Taveena Lotey , Aman Verma , Partha Pratim Roy

While electroencephalography (EEG) has been a popular modality for neural decoding, it often involves task specific acquisition of the EEG data. This poses challenges for the development of a unified pipeline to learn embeddings for various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Pushapdeep Singh , Jyoti Nigam , Medicherla Vamsi Krishna , Arnav Bhavsar , Aditya Nigam

Clinical EEG interpretation requires reasoning over full EEG sessions and integrating signal patterns with clinical context. Existing EEG foundation models are largely designed for short-window decoding and do not incorporate clinical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Peng Cao , Ali Mirzazadeh , Jong Woo Lee , Aleksandar Videnovic , Dina Katabi

Electroencephalography signals (EEGs) contain rich multi-scale information crucial for understanding brain states, with potential applications in diagnosing and advancing the drug development landscape. However, extracting meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 D. Darankoum , C. Habermacher , J. Volle , S. Grudinin

A central challenge in electroencephalography (EEG) foundation modeling is learning transferable representations across recordings with diverse tasks, montages, references, and spectral characteristics. Existing masked modeling approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jamiyan Sukhbaatar , Satoshi Imamura , Toshihisa Tanaka

A significant challenge in the electroencephalogram EEG lies in the fact that current data representations involve multiple electrode signals, resulting in data redundancy and dominant lead information. However extensive research conducted…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-31 Huyen Ngo , Khoi Do , Duong Nguyen , Viet Dung Nguyen , Lan Dang

During speech perception, a listener's electroencephalogram (EEG) reflects acoustic-level processing as well as higher-level cognitive factors such as speech comprehension and attention. However, decoding speech from EEG recordings is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Mike Thornton , Danilo Mandic , Tobias Reichenbach

Pathology diagnosis based on EEG signals and decoding brain activity holds immense importance in understanding neurological disorders. With the advancement of artificial intelligence methods and machine learning techniques, the potential…

Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals are fundamental to neuroscience research and clinical applications such as brain-computer interfaces and neurological disorder diagnosis. These signals are typically a combination of neurological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Matteo Gabardi , Aurora Saibene , Francesca Gasparini , Daniele Rizzo , Fabio Antonio Stella

Building subject-independent deep learning models for EEG decoding faces the challenge of strong covariate-shift across different datasets, subjects and recording sessions. Our approach to address this difficulty is to explicitly align…

Electroencephalography (EEG) is shown to be a valuable data source for evaluating subjects' mental states. However, the interpretation of multi-modal EEG signals is challenging, as they suffer from poor signal-to-noise-ratio, are highly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-19 David Bethge , Philipp Hallgarten , Ozan Özdenizci , Ralf Mikut , Albrecht Schmidt , Tobias Grosse-Puppendahl

Effectively learning the temporal dynamics in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is challenging yet essential for decoding brain activities using brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although Transformers are popular for their long-term…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Yi Ding , Yong Li , Hao Sun , Rui Liu , Chengxuan Tong , Chenyu Liu , Xinliang Zhou , Cuntai Guan

The ability to perceive and recognize objects is fundamental for the interaction with the external environment. Studies that investigate them and their relationship with brain activity changes have been increasing due to the possible…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Jenifer Kalafatovich , Minji Lee , Seong-Whan Lee

Researchers have reported high decoding accuracy (>95%) using non-invasive Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for brain-computer interface (BCI) decoding tasks like image decoding, emotion recognition, auditory spatial attention detection,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Xiran Xu , Bo Wang , Boda Xiao , Yadong Niu , Yiwen Wang , Xihong Wu , Jing Chen

Decoding natural language from brain activity using non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) remains a significant challenge in neuroscience and machine learning, particularly for open-vocabulary scenarios where traditional methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Mohamed Masry , Mohamed Amen , Mohamed Elzyat , Mohamed Hamed , Norhan Magdy , Maram Khaled

High-resolution neural datasets enable foundation models for the next generation of brain-computer interfaces and neurological treatments. The community requires rigorous benchmarks to discriminate between competing modeling approaches, yet…

Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely used in neuroscience and clinical research for analyzing brain activity. While deep learning models such as EEGNet have shown success in decoding EEG signals, they often struggle with data complexity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-05 Chi-Sheng Chen , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Huan-Hsin Tseng

Neural decoding from electroencephalography (EEG) remains fundamentally limited by poor generalization to unseen subjects, driven by high inter-subject variability and the lack of large-scale datasets to model it effectively. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mengchun Zhang , Kateryna Shapovalenko , Yucheng Shao , Eddie Guo , Parusha Pradhan

In recent years, brain-computer interfaces have made advances in decoding various motor-related tasks, including gesture recognition and movement classification, utilizing electroencephalogram (EEG) data. These developments are fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Jun-Young Kim , Deok-Seon Kim , Seo-Hyun Lee