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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) using low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has become a highly efficient approach for downstream tasks, particularly in scenarios with limited computational resources. However, applying LoRA techniques to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yanxia Deng , Aozhong Zhang , Selcuk Gurses , Naigang Wang , Zi Yang , Penghang Yin

We present the first comprehensive study of latent multi-head attention (MLA) for small language models, revealing interesting efficiency-quality trade-offs. Training 30M-parameter GPT models on 100,000 synthetic stories, we benchmark three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Sushant Mehta , Raj Dandekar , Rajat Dandekar , Sreedath Panat

The rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been a driving force in transforming various domains, reshaping the artificial general intelligence landscape. However, the increasing computational and memory demands of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Tianyu Ding , Tianyi Chen , Haidong Zhu , Jiachen Jiang , Yiqi Zhong , Jinxin Zhou , Guangzhi Wang , Zhihui Zhu , Ilya Zharkov , Luming Liang

Motivated by the imperative for real-time responsiveness and data privacy preservation, large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on resource-constrained edge devices to enable localized inference. To improve output quality,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Guihang Hong , Tao Ouyang , Kongyange Zhao , Zhi Zhou , Xu Chen

Large language models demand massive computational power and memory resources, posing significant challenges for efficient deployment. While quantization has been widely explored to reduce model size and computation, this paper demonstrates…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Soroush Ahadi , Mehdi Modarressi , Masoud Daneshtalab

Recent advances have highlighted the benefits of scaling language models to enhance performance across a wide range of NLP tasks. However, these approaches still face limitations in effectiveness and efficiency when applied to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yicheng Xiao , Lin Song , Rui Yang , Cheng Cheng , Yixiao Ge , Xiu Li , Ying Shan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by understanding and generating human-like text. However, the increasing demand for more sophisticated LLMs presents significant computational challenges due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Ze Yang , Yihong Jin , Xinhe Xu

Entity resolution, the task of identifying and merging records that refer to the same real-world entity, is crucial in sectors like e-commerce, healthcare, and law enforcement. Large Language Models (LLMs) introduce an innovative approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Huahang Li , Longyu Feng , Shuangyin Li , Fei Hao , Chen Jason Zhang , Yuanfeng Song

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices presents significant challenges due to computational constraints, memory limitations, inference speed, and energy consumption. Model quantization has emerged as a key technique to…

Long-context models(LCMs) have shown great potential in processing long input sequences(even more than 100M tokens) conveniently and effectively. With significant progress, recent research has pointed out that LCMs can accurately locate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zecheng Tang , Zechen Sun , Juntao Li , Qiaoming Zhu , Min Zhang

Deep learning-based models are utilized to achieve state-of-the-art performance for recommendation systems. A key challenge for these models is to work with millions of categorical classes or tokens. The standard approach is to learn…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Aditya Desai , Yanzhou Pan , Kuangyuan Sun , Li Chou , Anshumali Shrivastava

Large language models (LLMs) remain unreliable for global enterprise applications due to substantial performance gaps between high-resource and mid/low-resource languages, driven by English-centric pretraining and internal reasoning biases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amit Agarwal , Hansa Meghwani , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Standard cells are essential components of modern digital circuit designs. With process technologies advancing toward 2nm, more routability issues have arisen due to the decreasing number of routing tracks, increasing number and complexity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Chia-Tung Ho , Haoxing Ren

Finetuned LLMs often exhibit poor uncertainty quantification, manifesting as overconfidence, poor calibration, and unreliable prediction results on test data or out-of-distribution samples. One approach commonly used in vision for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Xi Wang , Laurence Aitchison , Maja Rudolph

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable generative capabilities but often suffer from hallucinations. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) offers an effective solution by incorporating external knowledge, but existing methods still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiaoxi Li , Jiajie Jin , Yujia Zhou , Yongkang Wu , Zhonghua Li , Qi Ye , Zhicheng Dou

Large language models (LLMs) have shown immense potential across various domains, but their high memory requirements and inference costs remain critical challenges for deployment. Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianyi Zhang , Anshumali Shrivastava

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) is an effective method to enhance their performance on downstream tasks. However, choosing the appropriate setting of tuning hyperparameters (HPs) is a labor-intensive and computationally expensive…

In recent times, the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in increasingly larger model size, posing challenges for inference on low-resource devices. Prior approaches have explored offloading to facilitate low-memory…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xuanlei Zhao , Bin Jia , Haotian Zhou , Ziming Liu , Shenggan Cheng , Yang You

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang