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Most text retrievers generate \emph{one} query vector to retrieve relevant documents. Yet, the conditional distribution of relevant documents for the query may be multimodal, e.g., representing different interpretations of the query. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hung-Ting Chen , Xiang Liu , Shauli Ravfogel , Eunsol Choi

In this paper, the problem of multi-view embedding from different visual cues and modalities is considered. We propose a unified solution for subspace learning methods using the Rayleigh quotient, which is extensible for multiple views,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Guanqun Cao , Alexandros Iosifidis , Ke Chen , Moncef Gabbouj

We address the problem of tuning word embeddings for specific use cases and domains. We propose a new method that automatically combines multiple domain-specific embeddings, selected from a wide range of pre-trained domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Laura Rettig , Julien Audiffren , Philippe Cudré-Mauroux

The rapid expansion of remote sensing image archives demands the development of strong and efficient techniques for content-based image retrieval (RS-CBIR). This paper presents REJEPA (Retrieval with Joint-Embedding Predictive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Shabnam Choudhury , Yash Salunkhe , Sarthak Mehrotra , Biplab Banerjee

Documents are visually rich structures that convey information through text, but also figures, page layouts, tables, or even fonts. Since modern retrieval systems mainly rely on the textual information they extract from document pages to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Manuel Faysse , Hugues Sibille , Tony Wu , Bilel Omrani , Gautier Viaud , Céline Hudelot , Pierre Colombo

Incorporating multiple modalities into large language models (LLMs) is a powerful way to enhance their understanding of non-textual data, enabling them to perform multimodal tasks. Vision language models (VLMs) form the fastest growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shiqi He , Insu Jang , Mosharaf Chowdhury

Multi-vector models dominate Visual Document Retrieval (VDR) due to their fine-grained matching capabilities, but their high storage and computational costs present a major barrier to practical deployment. In this paper, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yibo Yan , Mingdong Ou , Yi Cao , Jiahao Huo , Xin Zou , Shuliang Liu , James Kwok , Xuming Hu

While embeddings from multimodal large language models (LLMs) excel as general-purpose representations, their application to dynamic modalities like audio and video remains underexplored. We introduce WAVE (\textbf{u}nified \&…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Changli Tang , Qinfan Xiao , Ke Mei , Tianyi Wang , Fengyun Rao , Chao Zhang

We introduce the Granite Embedding models, a family of encoder-based embedding models designed for retrieval tasks, spanning dense-retrieval and sparse retrieval architectures, with both English and Multilingual capabilities. This report…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) extend large language models with visual reasoning, but their multimodal design also introduces new, underexplored vulnerabilities. Existing multimodal red-teaming methods largely rely on brittle templates,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Qilin Liao , Anamika Lochab , Ruqi Zhang

This work focuses on training a single visual relationship detector predicting over the union of label spaces from multiple datasets. Merging labels spanning different datasets could be challenging due to inconsistent taxonomies. The issue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Long Zhao , Liangzhe Yuan , Boqing Gong , Yin Cui , Florian Schroff , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Hartwig Adam , Ting Liu

The development of high-quality text embeddings is increasingly drifting toward an exclusionary future, defined by three critical barriers: prohibitive computational costs, a narrow linguistic focus that neglects most of the world's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ziyin Zhang , Zihan Liao , Hang Yu , Peng Di , Rui Wang

We present the latest generation of MobileNets, known as MobileNetV4 (MNv4), featuring universally efficient architecture designs for mobile devices. At its core, we introduce the Universal Inverted Bottleneck (UIB) search block, a unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Danfeng Qin , Chas Leichner , Manolis Delakis , Marco Fornoni , Shixin Luo , Fan Yang , Weijun Wang , Colby Banbury , Chengxi Ye , Berkin Akin , Vaibhav Aggarwal , Tenghui Zhu , Daniele Moro , Andrew Howard

Despite remarkable progress, existing multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are still inferior in granular visual recognition. Contrary to previous works, we study this problem from the perspective of image resolution, and reveal that a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Gen Luo , Yiyi Zhou , Yuxin Zhang , Xiawu Zheng , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Multimodal embedding models aim to map heterogeneous inputs, such as text, images, videos, and audio, into a shared semantic space. However, existing methods and benchmarks remain largely limited to partial modality coverage, making it…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Haohang Huang , Xuan Lu , Mingyi Su , Xuan Zhang , Ziyan Jiang , Ping Nie , Kai Zou , Tomas Pfister , Wenhu Chen , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen , Rui Meng

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) enables Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to generate responses with external multimodal evidence, and numerous video-based MRAG benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Kaiwen Wei , Xiao Liu , Jie Zhang , Zijian Wang , Ruida Liu , Yuming Yang , Xin Xiao , Xiao Sun , Haoyang Zeng , Changzai Pan , Yidan Zhang , Jiang Zhong , Peijin Wang , Yingchao Feng

Existing multimodal retrieval benchmarks primarily focus on evaluating whether models can retrieve and utilize external textual knowledge for question answering. However, there are scenarios where retrieving visual information is either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Wenbo Hu , Jia-Chen Gu , Zi-Yi Dou , Mohsen Fayyaz , Pan Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Nanyun Peng

Item-to-Item (I2I) retrieval is a fundamental part of modern content platforms, supporting critical industrial workflows from recommendation engines to content auditing. While multimodal embedding methods have advanced general retrieval,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jinghan Zhao , Wenwei Jin , Anqi Li , Jintao Tong , Luya Mo , Jiawei Li , Bin Li , Yao Hu

In this report, we introduce Vintern-1B, a reliable 1-billion-parameters multimodal large language model (MLLM) for Vietnamese language tasks. By integrating the Qwen2-0.5B-Instruct language model with the InternViT-300M-448px visual model,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Khang T. Doan , Bao G. Huynh , Dung T. Hoang , Thuc D. Pham , Nhat H. Pham , Quan T. M. Nguyen , Bang Q. Vo , Suong N. Hoang

Searching for the $k$-nearest neighbors (KNN) in multimodal data retrieval is computationally expensive, particularly due to the inherent difficulty in comparing similarity measures across different modalities. Recent advances in multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Chengyu Gong , Gefei Shen , Luanzheng Guo , Nathan Tallent , Dongfang Zhao