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In this paper, we present a simple, flexible and effective vision-language (VL) tracking pipeline, termed \textbf{MMTrack}, which casts VL tracking as a token generation task. Traditional paradigms address VL tracking task indirectly with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Yaozong Zheng , Bineng Zhong , Qihua Liang , Guorong Li , Rongrong Ji , Xianxian Li

Unified vision large language models (VLLMs) have recently achieved impressive advancements in both multimodal understanding and generation, powering applications such as visual question answering and text-guided image synthesis. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Pengyu Wang , Shaojun Zhou , Chenkun Tan , Xinghao Wang , Wei Huang , Zhen Ye , Zhaowei Li , Botian Jiang , Dong Zhang , Xipeng Qiu

This research paper addresses the challenge of modality mismatch in multimodal learning, where the modalities available during inference differ from those available at training. We propose the Text-centric Alignment for Multi-Modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Yun-Da Tsai , Ting-Yu Yen , Pei-Fu Guo , Zhe-Yan Li , Shou-De Lin

The remarkable success of Large Language Models (LLMs) across diverse tasks has driven the research community to extend their capabilities to molecular applications. However, most molecular LLMs employ adapter-based architectures that do…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shuhan Guo , Yatao Bian , Ruibing Wang , Nan Yin , Zhen Wang , Quanming Yao

Transforming a large language model (LLM) into a Vision-Language Model (VLM) can be achieved by mapping the visual tokens from a vision encoder into the embedding space of an LLM. Intriguingly, this mapping can be as simple as a shallow MLP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Benno Krojer , Shravan Nayak , Oscar Mañas , Vaibhav Adlakha , Desmond Elliott , Siva Reddy , Marius Mosbach

Building a unified visual tokenizer is essential for bridging the gap between visual understanding and generation. Yet existing approaches struggle with the inherent conflict between these tasks, as a single token space is forced to support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yiwei Guo , Shaobin Zhuang , Zhipeng Huang , Canmiao Fu , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Yali Wang

Unified Multimodal Models struggle to bridge the fundamental gap between the abstract representations needed for visual understanding and the detailed primitives required for generation. Existing approaches typically compromise by employing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Xuerui Qiu , Yutao Cui , Guozhen Zhang , Junzhe Li , JiaKui Hu , Xiao Zhang , Yang Li , Songtao Liu , Miles Yang , Yu Shi , Zhao Zhong , Liefeng Bo

In this paper, we present \textbf{Gen}erative \textbf{L}anguage-\textbf{I}mage \textbf{P}re-training (GenLIP), a minimalist generative pretraining framework for Vision Transformers (ViTs) designed for multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yan Fang , Mengcheng Lan , Zilong Huang , Weixian Lei , Yunqing Zhao , Yujie Zhong , Yingchen Yu , Qi She , Yao Zhao , Yunchao Wei

Aligning visual features with language embeddings is a key challenge in vision-language models (VLMs). The performance of such models hinges on having a good connector that maps visual features generated by a vision encoder to a shared…

Due to the limitations of the model structure and pre-training objectives, existing vision-and-language generation models cannot utilize pair-wise images and text through bi-directional generation. In this paper, we propose DU-VLG, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Luyang Huang , Guocheng Niu , Jiachen Liu , Xinyan Xiao , Hua Wu

Image tokenization, the process of transforming raw image pixels into a compact low-dimensional latent representation, has proven crucial for scalable and efficient image generation. However, mainstream image tokenization methods generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kaiwen Zha , Lijun Yu , Alireza Fathi , David A. Ross , Cordelia Schmid , Dina Katabi , Xiuye Gu

We present an effective method for fusing visual-and-language representations for several question answering tasks including visual question answering and visual entailment. In contrast to prior works that concatenate unimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Maxwell Mbabilla Aladago , AJ Piergiovanni

Multimodal reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) struggles with incomplete knowledge and hallucination artifacts, challenges that textual Knowledge Graphs (KGs) only partially mitigate due to their modality isolation. While Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Junming Liu , Siyuan Meng , Yanting Gao , Song Mao , Pinlong Cai , Guohang Yan , Yirong Chen , Zilin Bian , Ding Wang , Botian Shi

Tokenization serves as a foundational step for Large Language Models (LLMs) to process text. In new domains or languages, the inefficiency of the tokenizer will slow down the training and generation of LLM. The mismatch in vocabulary also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chong Li , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) on large-scale image-text pairs has recently witnessed rapid progress for learning cross-modal representations. Existing pre-training methods either directly concatenate image representation and text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Chenliang Li , Ming Yan , Haiyang Xu , Fuli Luo , Wei Wang , Bin Bi , Songfang Huang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated substantial value in unified text-image understanding and reasoning, primarily by converting images into sequences of patch-level tokens that align with their architectural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xinliang Zhang , Lei Zhu , Hangzhou He , Shuang Zeng , Ourui Fu , Jiakui Hu , Zhengjian Yao , Yanye Lu

How well do text-only large language models (LLMs) align with the visual world? We present a systematic evaluation of this question by incorporating frozen representations of various language models into a discriminative vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Jona Ruthardt , Gertjan J. Burghouts , Serge Belongie , Yuki M. Asano

Existing state-of-the-art image tokenization methods leverage diverse semantic features from pre-trained vision models for additional supervision, to expand the distribution of latent representations and thereby improve the quality of image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Xuan Zhao , Zhongyu Zhang , Yuge Huang , Yuxi Mi , Guodong Mu , Shouhong Ding , Jun Wang , Rizen Guo , Shuigeng Zhou

Unified models aim to support both understanding and generation by encoding images into discrete tokens and processing them alongside text within a single autoregressive framework. This unified design offers architectural simplicity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ziyao Wang , Chen Chen , Jingtao Li , Weiming Zhuang , Jiabo Huang , Ang Li , Lingjuan Lyu

Language modality within the vision language pretraining framework is innately discretized, endowing each word in the language vocabulary a semantic meaning. In contrast, visual modality is inherently continuous and high-dimensional, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Xiaoyuan Guo , Jiali Duan , C. -C. Jay Kuo , Judy Wawira Gichoya , Imon Banerjee