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Spurred by a huge interest in the post-Shannon communication, it has recently been shown that leveraging semantics can significantly improve the communication effectiveness across many tasks. In this article, inspired by human…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Hyowoon Seo , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Mérouane Debbah

This letter proposes a semantic-aware resource allocation (SARA) framework with flexible duty cycle (DC) coexistence mechanism (SARADC) for 5G-V2X Heterogeneous Network (HetNets) based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) proximal policy…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Zhiyu Shao , Qiong Wu , Pingyi Fan , Nan Cheng , Qiang Fan , Jiangzhou Wang

Semantic communications, aiming at ensuring the successful delivery of the meaning of information, are expected to be one of the potential techniques for the next generation communications. However, the knowledge forming and synchronizing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Yuan Zheng , Fengyu Wang , Wenjun Xu , Miao Pan , Ping Zhang

Semantic communications (SemComs) have been considered as a promising solution to reduce the amount of transmitted information, thus paving the way for more energy-and spectrum-efficient wireless networks. Nevertheless, SemComs rely heavily…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Nikos G. Evgenidis , Sotiris A. Tegos , Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis , Ioannis Krikidis , George K. Karagiannidis

Despite achieving remarkable success in complex tasks, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is still suffering from critical issues in practical applications, such as low data efficiency, lack of interpretability, and limited cross-environment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chang Yao , Jinghui Qin , Kebing Jin , Hankz Hankui Zhuo

This paper explores a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted and semantic-aware wireless network, where multiple semantic users (SUs) transmit semantic information to an access point (AP) using the non-orthogonal multiple access…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Songhan Zhao , Shimin Gong , Bo Gu , Zehui Xiong , Ping Wang , Kaibin Huang

We propose reinforcement learning (RL) strategies tailored for reasoning in large language models (LLMs) under strict memory and compute limits, with a particular focus on compatibility with LoRA fine-tuning. Building on early policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Alan Lee , Harry Tong

Semantic communications have emerged as a crucial research direction for future wireless communication networks. However, as wireless systems become increasingly complex, the demands for computation and communication resources in semantic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-14 Xuyang Chen , Chong Huang , Gaojie Chen , Daquan Feng , Pei Xiao

Despite the growing interest in Small Language Models (SLMs) as resource-efficient alternatives to Large Language Models (LLMs), their deployment on edge devices remains challenging due to unresolved efficiency gaps in model compression.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiacheng Wang , Yejun Zeng , Jinyang Guo , Yuqing Ma , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable success in comprehension tasks such as visual description and visual question answering. However, their direct application to embedding-based tasks like retrieval remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lihao Liu , Yan Wang , Biao Yang , Da Li , Jiangxia Cao , Yuxiao Luo , Xiang Chen , Xiangyu Wu , Wei Yuan , Fan Yang , Guiguang Ding , Tingting Gao , Guorui Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) excel at language understanding and generation, but their enormous computational and memory requirements hinder deployment. Compression offers a potential solution to mitigate these constraints. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Huanrong Liu , Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Qingbiao Li , Li Li

Semantic communications (SemCom) is a promising task-oriented paradigm in which semantic features exhibit non-uniform importance. Consequently, unequal error protection (UEP), which allocates resources based on semantic importance, plays a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Xunyang Zhan , Jie Cao , Xu Zhu , Nikolaos Pappas , Zhijin Qin , Shaohan Feng

The growing demand for on-device large language model (LLM) inference highlights the need for efficient mobile edge computing (MEC) solutions, especially in resource-constrained settings. Speculative decoding offers a promising solution by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jungyeon Koh , Hyun Jong Yang

Large language models (LLM) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, their substantial parameter sizes pose significant challenges for deployment on edge devices with limited computational and memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yu-Chen Lu , Sheng-Feng Yu , Hui-Hsien Weng , Pei-Shuo Wang , Yu-Fang Hu , Liang Hung-Chun , Hung-Yueh Chiang , Kai-Chiang Wu

The exponential growth of IoT devices presents critical challenges in bandwidth-constrained wireless networks, particularly regarding efficient data transmission and privacy preservation. This paper presents a novel federated semantic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Samer Lahoud , Kinda Khawam

Semantic communications could improve the transmission efficiency significantly by exploring the semantic information. In this paper, we make an effort to recover the transmitted speech signals in the semantic communication systems, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-09 Zhenzi Weng , Zhijin Qin

Task-oriented semantic communication enhances transmission efficiency by conveying semantic information rather than exact messages. Deep learning (DL)-based semantic communication can effectively cultivate the essential semantic knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Run Gu , Wei Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Dusit Niyato , Aylin Yener

As a new communication paradigm, semantic communication has received widespread attention in communication fields. However, since the decoding of semantic signals relies on contextual knowledge, misalignment between the starting position of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-19 Xiaoyi Liu , Haotai Liang , Chen Dong , Xiaodong Xu

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) often impose limitations on the length of the text input to ensure the generation of fluent and relevant responses. This constraint restricts their applicability in scenarios involving long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Weizhi Fei , Xueyan Niu , Pingyi Zhou , Lu Hou , Bo Bai , Lei Deng , Wei Han

In real-world applications with large state and action spaces, reinforcement learning (RL) typically employs function approximations to represent core components like the policies, value functions, and dynamics models. Although powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chenxiao Gao , Haotian Sun , Na Li , Dale Schuurmans , Bo Dai